home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
open in: 
MacOS 8.1
|
Win98
|
DOS
browse contents |
view JSON data
|
view as text
This file was processed as: Mailbox/MIME Entity
(archive/mbox).
| Confidence | Program | Detection | Match Type | Support
|
|---|
| 100%
| dexvert
| Mailbox/MIME Entity (archive/mbox)
| magic
| Supported |
| 100%
| dexvert
| Internet Message Format (text/imf)
| magic
| Supported |
| 1%
| dexvert
| Text File (text/txt)
| fallback
| Supported |
| 100%
| file
| Mailbox text, 1st line "From brown@ncoast.org Sun Jun 26 14:54:01 1994", ASCII text
| default
| |
| 100%
| TrID
| E-Mail message (Var. 2)
| default
| |
| 100%
| checkBytes
| Printable ASCII
| default
| |
| 100%
| perlTextCheck
| Likely Text (Perl)
| default
| |
| 100%
| siegfried
| x-fmt/111 Plain Text File
| default
| |
| 100%
| detectItEasy
| Format: plain text[LF]
| default (weak)
| |
| 100%
| xdgMime
| application/mbox
| default
|
|
hex view+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
|00000000| 46 72 6f 6d 20 62 72 6f | 77 6e 40 6e 63 6f 61 73 |From bro|wn@ncoas|
|00000010| 74 2e 6f 72 67 20 53 75 | 6e 20 4a 75 6e 20 32 36 |t.org Su|n Jun 26|
|00000020| 20 31 34 3a 35 34 3a 30 | 31 20 31 39 39 34 0a 4e | 14:54:0|1 1994.N|
|00000030| 65 77 73 67 72 6f 75 70 | 73 3a 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e |ewsgroup|s: comp.|
|00000040| 6f 73 2e 6d 73 64 6f 73 | 2e 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d |os.msdos|.program|
|00000050| 6d 65 72 2c 63 6f 6d 70 | 2e 61 6e 73 77 65 72 73 |mer,comp|.answers|
|00000060| 2c 6e 65 77 73 2e 61 6e | 73 77 65 72 73 0a 46 72 |,news.an|swers.Fr|
|00000070| 6f 6d 3a 20 62 72 6f 77 | 6e 40 6e 63 6f 61 73 74 |om: brow|n@ncoast|
|00000080| 2e 6f 72 67 20 28 53 74 | 61 6e 20 42 72 6f 77 6e |.org (St|an Brown|
|00000090| 29 0a 53 75 62 6a 65 63 | 74 3a 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e |).Subjec|t: comp.|
|000000a0| 6f 73 2e 6d 73 64 6f 73 | 2e 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d |os.msdos|.program|
|000000b0| 6d 65 72 20 46 41 51 0a | 44 61 74 65 3a 20 54 68 |mer FAQ.|Date: Th|
|000000c0| 75 2c 20 32 33 20 4a 75 | 6e 20 31 39 39 34 20 31 |u, 23 Ju|n 1994 1|
|000000d0| 32 3a 35 36 3a 32 38 20 | 47 4d 54 0a 53 75 6d 6d |2:56:28 |GMT.Summ|
|000000e0| 61 72 79 3a 20 54 68 69 | 73 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c |ary: Thi|s articl|
|000000f0| 65 20 63 6f 6e 74 61 69 | 6e 73 20 71 75 65 73 74 |e contai|ns quest|
|00000100| 69 6f 6e 73 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 61 72 65 20 66 72 |ions tha|t are fr|
|00000110| 65 71 75 65 6e 74 6c 79 | 20 61 73 6b 65 64 20 62 |equently| asked b|
|00000120| 79 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 44 4f 53 20 70 |y. | DOS p|
|00000130| 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 | 72 73 2c 20 77 69 74 68 |rogramme|rs, with|
|00000140| 20 74 65 73 74 65 64 20 | 61 6e 73 77 65 72 73 2e | tested |answers.|
|00000150| 20 20 50 6c 65 61 73 65 | 20 72 65 61 64 20 69 74 | Please| read it|
|00000160| 20 62 65 66 6f 72 65 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | before.| |
|00000170| 20 70 6f 73 74 69 6e 67 | 20 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f | posting| questio|
|00000180| 6e 73 20 6f 72 20 61 6e | 73 77 65 72 73 2e 0a 52 |ns or an|swers..R|
|00000190| 65 70 6c 79 2d 54 6f 3a | 20 62 72 6f 77 6e 40 6e |eply-To:| brown@n|
|000001a0| 63 6f 61 73 74 2e 6f 72 | 67 0a 46 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 |coast.or|g.Follow|
|000001b0| 75 70 2d 54 6f 3a 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 2e 6f 73 2e 6d |up-To: c|omp.os.m|
|000001c0| 73 64 6f 73 2e 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 0a |sdos.pro|grammer.|
|000001d0| 4f 72 67 61 6e 69 7a 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 6e 65 |Organiza|tion: ne|
|000001e0| 6a 20 74 61 6b 21 0a 53 | 75 70 65 72 73 65 64 65 |j tak!.S|upersede|
|000001f0| 73 3a 20 3c 6d 73 64 6f | 73 2d 66 61 71 2e 39 34 |s: <msdo|s-faq.94|
|00000200| 30 34 40 4e 43 6f 61 73 | 74 2e 4f 52 47 3e 0a 0a |04@NCoas|t.ORG>..|
|00000210| 41 72 63 68 69 76 65 2d | 6e 61 6d 65 3a 20 6d 73 |Archive-|name: ms|
|00000220| 64 6f 73 2d 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 2d 66 |dos-prog|rammer-f|
|00000230| 61 71 2f 66 61 71 0a 43 | 6f 6d 70 2d 6f 73 2d 6d |aq/faq.C|omp-os-m|
|00000240| 73 64 6f 73 2d 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 2d |sdos-pro|grammer-|
|00000250| 61 72 63 68 69 76 65 2d | 6e 61 6d 65 3a 20 64 6f |archive-|name: do|
|00000260| 73 2d 66 61 71 0a 50 6f | 73 74 69 6e 67 2d 66 72 |s-faq.Po|sting-fr|
|00000270| 65 71 75 65 6e 63 79 3a | 20 6d 6f 6e 74 68 6c 79 |equency:| monthly|
|00000280| 0a 4c 61 73 74 2d 6d 6f | 64 69 66 69 65 64 3a 20 |.Last-mo|dified: |
|00000290| 32 32 20 4a 75 6e 20 31 | 39 39 34 0a 0a 43 6f 70 |22 Jun 1|994..Cop|
|000002a0| 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 28 | 43 29 20 31 39 39 34 20 |yright (|C) 1994 |
|000002b0| 20 53 74 61 6e 20 42 72 | 6f 77 6e 2c 20 4f 61 6b | Stan Br|own, Oak|
|000002c0| 20 52 6f 61 64 20 53 79 | 73 74 65 6d 73 2e 20 20 | Road Sy|stems. |
|000002d0| 41 6c 6c 20 72 69 67 68 | 74 73 20 72 65 73 65 72 |All righ|ts reser|
|000002e0| 76 65 64 2e 0a 54 68 69 | 73 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c |ved..Thi|s articl|
|000002f0| 65 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |e is not| in the |
|00000300| 70 75 62 6c 69 63 20 64 | 6f 6d 61 69 6e 2c 20 62 |public d|omain, b|
|00000310| 75 74 20 69 74 20 6d 61 | 79 20 62 65 20 72 65 64 |ut it ma|y be red|
|00000320| 69 73 74 72 69 62 75 74 | 65 64 20 73 6f 0a 6c 6f |istribut|ed so.lo|
|00000330| 6e 67 20 61 73 20 74 68 | 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 |ng as th|is notic|
|00000340| 65 2c 20 74 68 65 20 61 | 63 6b 6e 6f 77 6c 65 64 |e, the a|cknowled|
|00000350| 67 6d 65 6e 74 73 2c 20 | 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 |gments, |and the |
|00000360| 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 0a 6f |informat|ion on.o|
|00000370| 62 74 61 69 6e 69 6e 67 | 20 74 68 65 20 6c 61 74 |btaining| the lat|
|00000380| 65 73 74 20 63 6f 70 79 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 |est copy| of this|
|00000390| 20 6c 69 73 74 20 61 72 | 65 20 72 65 74 61 69 6e | list ar|e retain|
|000003a0| 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 6e | 6f 20 66 65 65 20 69 73 |ed and n|o fee is|
|000003b0| 0a 63 68 61 72 67 65 64 | 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 63 |.charged|. The c|
|000003c0| 6f 64 65 20 66 72 61 67 | 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 6d 61 |ode frag|ments ma|
|000003d0| 79 20 62 65 20 75 73 65 | 64 20 66 72 65 65 6c 79 |y be use|d freely|
|000003e0| 3b 20 63 72 65 64 69 74 | 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 |; credit| would b|
|000003f0| 65 20 70 6f 6c 69 74 65 | 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 53 |e polite|... S|
|00000400| 70 65 63 69 61 6c 20 6e | 6f 74 65 3a 20 20 4d 61 |pecial n|ote: Ma|
|00000410| 69 6e 74 65 6e 61 6e 63 | 65 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 69 |intenanc|e on thi|
|00000420| 73 20 66 69 6c 65 20 69 | 73 20 6d 69 6e 69 6d 61 |s file i|s minima|
|00000430| 6c 20 62 65 63 61 75 73 | 65 20 49 20 68 61 76 65 |l becaus|e I have|
|00000440| 0a 20 20 20 20 6c 69 6d | 69 74 65 64 20 74 69 6d |. lim|ited tim|
|00000450| 65 20 28 61 6e 64 2c 20 | 6c 61 74 65 6c 79 2c 20 |e (and, |lately, |
|00000460| 6c 69 6d 69 74 65 64 20 | 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73 74 |limited |interest|
|00000470| 29 20 69 6e 20 74 68 69 | 73 20 61 72 65 61 2e 20 |) in thi|s area. |
|00000480| 20 53 6f 6d 65 6f 6e 65 | 0a 20 20 20 20 77 69 74 | Someone|. wit|
|00000490| 68 20 61 20 6d 6f 72 65 | 20 61 63 74 69 76 65 20 |h a more| active |
|000004a0| 69 6e 74 65 72 65 73 74 | 20 69 6e 20 44 4f 53 20 |interest| in DOS |
|000004b0| 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d | 69 6e 67 20 63 6f 75 6c |programm|ing coul|
|000004c0| 64 20 64 6f 20 74 68 65 | 20 6e 65 74 20 61 0a 20 |d do the| net a. |
|000004d0| 20 20 20 67 72 65 61 74 | 20 73 65 72 76 69 63 65 | great| service|
|000004e0| 20 62 79 20 74 61 6b 69 | 6e 67 20 6f 76 65 72 20 | by taki|ng over |
|000004f0| 74 68 69 73 20 6c 69 73 | 74 3b 20 73 65 6e 64 20 |this lis|t; send |
|00000500| 6d 65 20 65 6d 61 69 6c | 20 69 66 20 69 6e 74 65 |me email| if inte|
|00000510| 72 65 73 74 65 64 2e 0a | 0a 0a 53 75 62 6a 65 63 |rested..|..Subjec|
|00000520| 74 3a 20 20 54 61 62 6c | 65 20 6f 66 20 43 6f 6e |t: Tabl|e of Con|
|00000530| 74 65 6e 74 73 0a 0a 73 | 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 30 |tents..s|ection 0|
|00000540| 2e 20 49 6e 74 72 6f 64 | 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 |. Introd|uction t|
|00000550| 6f 20 74 68 69 73 20 61 | 72 74 69 63 6c 65 0a 20 |o this a|rticle. |
|00000560| 20 20 20 30 30 31 2e 20 | 57 68 61 74 20 69 73 20 | 001. |What is |
|00000570| 74 68 69 73 20 61 72 74 | 69 63 6c 65 3f 20 28 72 |this art|icle? (r|
|00000580| 65 76 3a 20 31 39 20 41 | 70 72 20 31 39 39 34 29 |ev: 19 A|pr 1994)|
|00000590| 0a 20 20 20 20 30 30 32 | 2e 20 57 68 79 20 69 73 |. 002|. Why is|
|000005a0| 20 74 68 69 73 20 61 72 | 74 69 63 6c 65 3f 20 28 | this ar|ticle? (|
|000005b0| 72 65 76 3a 20 32 30 20 | 4d 61 72 20 31 39 39 34 |rev: 20 |Mar 1994|
|000005c0| 29 0a 20 20 20 20 30 30 | 33 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 63 |). 00|3. How c|
|000005d0| 61 6e 20 49 20 73 65 61 | 72 63 68 20 74 68 69 73 |an I sea|rch this|
|000005e0| 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 | 20 66 6f 72 20 61 20 70 | article| for a p|
|000005f0| 61 72 74 69 63 75 6c 61 | 72 20 74 6f 70 69 63 3f |articula|r topic?|
|00000600| 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 32 | 30 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | (rev: 2|0. |
|00000610| 20 20 20 4d 61 72 20 31 | 39 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 | Mar 1|994). |
|00000620| 20 30 30 34 2e 20 57 68 | 6f 20 68 61 73 20 63 6f | 004. Wh|o has co|
|00000630| 6e 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 | 64 20 74 6f 20 74 68 69 |ntribute|d to thi|
|00000640| 73 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c | 65 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 30 |s articl|e?. 0|
|00000650| 30 35 2e 20 41 72 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 61 6e 73 77 |05. Are |the answ|
|00000660| 65 72 73 20 67 75 61 72 | 61 6e 74 65 65 64 20 63 |ers guar|anteed c|
|00000670| 6f 72 72 65 63 74 20 61 | 6e 64 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c |orrect a|nd compl|
|00000680| 65 74 65 3f 20 28 72 65 | 76 3a 20 32 30 20 4d 61 |ete? (re|v: 20 Ma|
|00000690| 72 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 31 39 39 34 29 |r. | 1994)|
|000006a0| 0a 73 65 63 74 69 6f 6e | 20 31 2e 20 47 65 6e 65 |.section| 1. Gene|
|000006b0| 72 61 6c 20 71 75 65 73 | 74 69 6f 6e 73 0a 20 20 |ral ques|tions. |
|000006c0| 20 20 31 30 31 2e 20 57 | 68 79 20 77 6f 6e 27 74 | 101. W|hy won't|
|000006d0| 20 6d 79 20 63 6f 64 65 | 20 77 6f 72 6b 3f 0a 20 | my code| work?. |
|000006e0| 20 20 20 31 30 32 2e 20 | 57 68 61 74 20 69 73 20 | 102. |What is |
|000006f0| 74 68 69 73 20 6e 65 77 | 73 67 72 6f 75 70 20 61 |this new|sgroup a|
|00000700| 62 6f 75 74 3f 20 28 72 | 65 76 3a 20 31 31 20 53 |bout? (r|ev: 11 S|
|00000710| 65 70 20 31 39 39 33 29 | 0a 20 20 20 20 31 30 33 |ep 1993)|. 103|
|00000720| 2e 20 49 73 20 63 6f 6d | 70 2e 6f 73 2e 6d 73 64 |. Is com|p.os.msd|
|00000730| 6f 73 2e 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 6d 65 72 20 6a 75 |os.progr|ammer ju|
|00000740| 73 74 20 66 6f 72 20 43 | 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d |st for C| program|
|00000750| 6d 65 72 73 3f 20 28 72 | 65 76 3a 20 32 30 0a 20 |mers? (r|ev: 20. |
|00000760| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 4d 61 72 20 31 39 39 34 | |Mar 1994|
|00000770| 29 0a 20 20 20 20 31 30 | 34 2e 20 57 68 61 74 27 |). 10|4. What'|
|00000780| 73 20 74 68 65 20 64 69 | 66 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 |s the di|fference|
|00000790| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 63 6f | 6d 70 2e 73 79 73 2e 69 | from co|mp.sys.i|
|000007a0| 62 6d 2e 70 63 2e 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 |bm.pc.pr|ogrammer|
|000007b0| 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 31 30 | 35 2e 20 49 73 20 63 6f |?. 10|5. Is co|
|000007c0| 6d 70 2e 6f 73 2e 6d 73 | 64 6f 73 2e 70 72 6f 67 |mp.os.ms|dos.prog|
|000007d0| 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 20 61 | 76 61 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 |rammer a|vailable|
|000007e0| 20 61 73 20 61 20 6d 61 | 69 6c 69 6e 67 20 6c 69 | as a ma|iling li|
|000007f0| 73 74 3f 20 28 6e 65 77 | 3a 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |st? (new|:. |
|00000800| 20 20 20 32 20 46 65 62 | 20 31 39 39 33 29 0a 20 | 2 Feb| 1993). |
|00000810| 20 20 20 31 30 36 2e 20 | 57 68 61 74 27 73 20 74 | 106. |What's t|
|00000820| 68 69 73 20 22 6e 65 74 | 69 71 75 65 74 74 65 22 |his "net|iquette"|
|00000830| 3f 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 | 32 30 20 4d 61 72 20 31 |? (rev: |20 Mar 1|
|00000840| 39 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 | 20 31 30 37 2e 20 48 6f |994). | 107. Ho|
|00000850| 77 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 | 6c 65 61 72 6e 20 6d 6f |w can I |learn mo|
|00000860| 72 65 20 61 62 6f 75 74 | 20 55 73 65 6e 65 74 3f |re about| Usenet?|
|00000870| 20 28 6e 65 77 3a 20 37 | 20 41 75 67 20 31 39 39 | (new: 7| Aug 199|
|00000880| 33 29 0a 20 20 20 20 31 | 30 38 2e 20 57 68 61 74 |3). 1|08. What|
|00000890| 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 74 | 65 63 68 6e 69 63 61 6c | other t|echnical|
|000008a0| 20 6e 65 77 73 67 72 6f | 75 70 73 20 73 68 6f 75 | newsgro|ups shou|
|000008b0| 6c 64 20 49 20 6b 6e 6f | 77 20 61 62 6f 75 74 3f |ld I kno|w about?|
|000008c0| 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 36 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | (rev: 6|. |
|000008d0| 20 20 41 70 72 20 31 39 | 39 34 29 0a 73 65 63 74 | Apr 19|94).sect|
|000008e0| 69 6f 6e 20 32 2e 20 43 | 6f 6d 70 69 6c 65 20 61 |ion 2. C|ompile a|
|000008f0| 6e 64 20 6c 69 6e 6b 0a | 20 20 20 20 32 30 31 2e |nd link.| 201.|
|00000900| 20 57 68 61 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 68 65 63 6b 20 69 | What th|e heck i|
|00000910| 73 20 22 44 47 52 4f 55 | 50 20 3e 20 36 34 4b 22 |s "DGROU|P > 64K"|
|00000920| 3f 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 | 31 38 20 41 70 72 20 31 |? (rev: |18 Apr 1|
|00000930| 39 39 33 29 0a 20 20 20 | 20 32 30 32 2e 20 48 6f |993). | 202. Ho|
|00000940| 77 20 64 6f 20 49 20 66 | 69 78 20 22 61 75 74 6f |w do I f|ix "auto|
|00000950| 6d 61 74 69 63 20 64 61 | 74 61 20 73 65 67 6d 65 |matic da|ta segme|
|00000960| 6e 74 20 65 78 63 65 65 | 64 73 20 36 34 4b 22 20 |nt excee|ds 64K" |
|00000970| 6f 72 20 22 73 74 61 63 | 6b 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |or "stac|k. |
|00000980| 20 20 20 70 6c 75 73 20 | 64 61 74 61 20 65 78 63 | plus |data exc|
|00000990| 65 65 64 20 36 34 4b 22 | 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 32 30 |eed 64K"|?. 20|
|000009a0| 33 2e 20 57 69 6c 6c 20 | 42 6f 72 6c 61 6e 64 20 |3. Will |Borland |
|000009b0| 43 20 63 6f 64 65 20 61 | 6e 64 20 4d 69 63 72 6f |C code a|nd Micro|
|000009c0| 73 6f 66 74 20 43 20 63 | 6f 64 65 20 6c 69 6e 6b |soft C c|ode link|
|000009d0| 20 74 6f 67 65 74 68 65 | 72 3f 20 28 72 65 76 3a | togethe|r? (rev:|
|000009e0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 31 35 20 41 75 67 |. | 15 Aug|
|000009f0| 20 31 39 39 33 29 0a 20 | 20 20 20 32 30 34 2e 20 | 1993). | 204. |
|00000a00| 57 68 79 20 64 69 64 20 | 6d 79 20 70 72 6f 67 72 |Why did |my progr|
|00000a10| 61 6d 20 62 6f 6d 62 20 | 61 74 20 72 75 6e 20 74 |am bomb |at run t|
|00000a20| 69 6d 65 20 77 69 74 68 | 20 22 66 6c 6f 61 74 69 |ime with| "floati|
|00000a30| 6e 67 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ng point|. |
|00000a40| 20 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 | 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 6c 69 | format|s not li|
|00000a50| 6e 6b 65 64 22 20 6f 72 | 20 22 66 6c 6f 61 74 69 |nked" or| "floati|
|00000a60| 6e 67 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 | 20 6e 6f 74 20 6c 6f 61 |ng point| not loa|
|00000a70| 64 65 64 22 3f 20 28 72 | 65 76 3a 20 32 30 0a 20 |ded"? (r|ev: 20. |
|00000a80| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 4d 61 72 63 68 20 31 39 | |March 19|
|00000a90| 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 20 | 32 30 35 2e 20 48 6f 77 |94). |205. How|
|00000aa0| 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 63 | 68 61 6e 67 65 20 74 68 | can I c|hange th|
|00000ab0| 65 20 73 74 61 63 6b 20 | 73 69 7a 65 20 69 6e 20 |e stack |size in |
|00000ac0| 42 6f 72 6c 61 6e 64 27 | 73 20 43 20 63 6f 6d 70 |Borland'|s C comp|
|00000ad0| 69 6c 65 72 73 3f 20 28 | 72 65 76 3a 0a 20 20 20 |ilers? (|rev:. |
|00000ae0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 34 | 20 4d 61 72 63 68 20 31 | 24| March 1|
|00000af0| 39 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 | 20 32 30 36 2e 20 57 68 |994). | 206. Wh|
|00000b00| 61 74 27 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 20 |at's the| format |
|00000b10| 6f 66 20 61 6e 20 2e 4f | 42 4a 20 66 69 6c 65 3f |of an .O|BJ file?|
|00000b20| 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 32 | 34 20 4d 61 72 20 31 39 | (rev: 2|4 Mar 19|
|00000b30| 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 20 | 32 30 37 2e 20 57 68 61 |94). |207. Wha|
|00000b40| 74 27 73 20 74 68 65 20 | 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 20 6f |t's the |format o|
|00000b50| 66 20 61 6e 20 2e 45 58 | 45 20 68 65 61 64 65 72 |f an .EX|E header|
|00000b60| 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 32 30 | 38 2e 20 57 68 61 74 27 |?. 20|8. What'|
|00000b70| 73 20 74 68 65 20 64 69 | 66 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 |s the di|fference|
|00000b80| 20 62 65 74 77 65 65 6e | 20 2e 43 4f 4d 20 61 6e | between| .COM an|
|00000b90| 64 20 2e 45 58 45 20 66 | 6f 72 6d 61 74 73 3f 0a |d .EXE f|ormats?.|
|00000ba0| 73 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 33 2e 20 4b 65 79 62 6f |section |3. Keybo|
|00000bb0| 61 72 64 0a 20 20 20 20 | 33 30 31 2e 20 48 6f 77 |ard. |301. How|
|00000bc0| 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 72 | 65 61 64 20 61 20 63 68 | can I r|ead a ch|
|00000bd0| 61 72 61 63 74 65 72 20 | 77 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 |aracter |without |
|00000be0| 65 63 68 6f 69 6e 67 20 | 69 74 20 74 6f 20 74 68 |echoing |it to th|
|00000bf0| 65 20 73 63 72 65 65 6e | 2c 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |e screen|,. |
|00000c00| 20 20 20 61 6e 64 20 77 | 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 77 | and w|ithout w|
|00000c10| 61 69 74 69 6e 67 20 66 | 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 75 |aiting f|or the u|
|00000c20| 73 65 72 20 74 6f 20 70 | 72 65 73 73 20 74 68 65 |ser to p|ress the|
|00000c30| 20 45 6e 74 65 72 20 6b | 65 79 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 | Enter k|ey?. |
|00000c40| 33 30 32 2e 20 48 6f 77 | 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 66 |302. How| can I f|
|00000c50| 69 6e 64 20 6f 75 74 20 | 77 68 65 74 68 65 72 20 |ind out |whether |
|00000c60| 61 20 63 68 61 72 61 63 | 74 65 72 20 68 61 73 20 |a charac|ter has |
|00000c70| 62 65 65 6e 20 74 79 70 | 65 64 2c 20 77 69 74 68 |been typ|ed, with|
|00000c80| 6f 75 74 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 77 61 69 |out. | wai|
|00000c90| 74 69 6e 67 20 66 6f 72 | 20 6f 6e 65 3f 0a 20 20 |ting for| one?. |
|00000ca0| 20 20 33 30 33 2e 20 48 | 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 49 | 303. H|ow can I|
|00000cb0| 20 64 69 73 61 62 6c 65 | 20 43 74 72 6c 2d 43 2f | disable| Ctrl-C/|
|00000cc0| 43 74 72 6c 2d 42 72 65 | 61 6b 20 61 6e 64 2f 6f |Ctrl-Bre|ak and/o|
|00000cd0| 72 20 43 74 72 6c 2d 41 | 6c 74 2d 44 65 6c 3f 20 |r Ctrl-A|lt-Del? |
|00000ce0| 28 72 65 76 3a 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 |(rev:. | 1|
|00000cf0| 31 20 53 65 70 20 31 39 | 39 33 29 0a 20 20 20 20 |1 Sep 19|93). |
|00000d00| 33 30 34 2e 20 48 6f 77 | 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 64 |304. How| can I d|
|00000d10| 69 73 61 62 6c 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 70 72 69 6e 74 |isable t|he print|
|00000d20| 20 73 63 72 65 65 6e 20 | 66 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e | screen |function|
|00000d30| 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 33 30 | 35 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 63 |?. 30|5. How c|
|00000d40| 61 6e 20 6d 79 20 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 74 75 |an my pr|ogram tu|
|00000d50| 72 6e 20 4e 75 6d 4c 6f | 63 6b 20 28 43 61 70 73 |rn NumLo|ck (Caps|
|00000d60| 4c 6f 63 6b 2c 20 53 63 | 72 6f 6c 6c 4c 6f 63 6b |Lock, Sc|rollLock|
|00000d70| 29 20 6f 6e 20 6f 72 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |) on or.| |
|00000d80| 20 6f 66 66 3f 0a 20 20 | 20 20 33 30 36 2e 20 48 | off?. | 306. H|
|00000d90| 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 49 | 20 73 70 65 65 64 20 75 |ow can I| speed u|
|00000da0| 70 20 74 68 65 20 6b 65 | 79 62 6f 61 72 64 27 73 |p the ke|yboard's|
|00000db0| 20 61 75 74 6f 2d 72 65 | 70 65 61 74 3f 20 28 72 | auto-re|peat? (r|
|00000dc0| 65 76 3a 20 32 34 20 4d | 61 72 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ev: 24 M|ar. |
|00000dd0| 20 20 20 20 31 39 39 34 | 29 0a 20 20 20 20 33 30 | 1994|). 30|
|00000de0| 37 2e 20 57 68 61 74 20 | 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 53 |7. What |is the S|
|00000df0| 79 73 52 71 20 6b 65 79 | 20 66 6f 72 3f 0a 20 20 |ysRq key| for?. |
|00000e00| 20 20 33 30 38 2e 20 48 | 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 6d | 308. H|ow can m|
|00000e10| 79 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 20 74 65 6c 6c 20 77 |y progra|m tell w|
|00000e20| 68 61 74 20 6b 69 6e 64 | 20 6f 66 20 6b 65 79 62 |hat kind| of keyb|
|00000e30| 6f 61 72 64 20 69 73 20 | 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73 |oard is |on the s|
|00000e40| 79 73 74 65 6d 3f 0a 20 | 20 20 20 33 30 39 2e 20 |ystem?. | 309. |
|00000e50| 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 | 49 20 74 65 6c 6c 20 69 |How can |I tell i|
|00000e60| 66 20 69 6e 70 75 74 2c | 20 6f 75 74 70 75 74 2c |f input,| output,|
|00000e70| 20 6f 72 20 73 74 64 65 | 72 72 20 68 61 73 20 62 | or stde|rr has b|
|00000e80| 65 65 6e 20 72 65 64 69 | 72 65 63 74 65 64 3f 0a |een redi|rected?.|
|00000e90| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 32 | | (rev: 2|
|00000ea0| 34 20 4d 61 72 20 31 39 | 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 20 |4 Mar 19|94). |
|00000eb0| 33 31 30 2e 20 48 6f 77 | 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 69 |310. How| can I i|
|00000ec0| 6e 63 72 65 61 73 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 73 69 7a 65 |ncrease |the size|
|00000ed0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | 6b 65 79 62 6f 61 72 64 | of the |keyboard|
|00000ee0| 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 3f | 20 28 6e 65 77 3a 20 32 | buffer?| (new: 2|
|00000ef0| 30 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 4a 75 6e 65 20 |0. | June |
|00000f00| 31 39 39 33 29 0a 20 20 | 20 20 33 31 31 2e 20 48 |1993). | 311. H|
|00000f10| 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 49 | 20 73 74 75 66 66 20 63 |ow can I| stuff c|
|00000f20| 68 61 72 61 63 74 65 72 | 73 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 74 |haracter|s into t|
|00000f30| 68 65 20 6b 65 79 62 6f | 61 72 64 20 62 75 66 66 |he keybo|ard buff|
|00000f40| 65 72 3f 20 28 6e 65 77 | 3a 20 31 35 0a 20 20 20 |er? (new|: 15. |
|00000f50| 20 20 20 20 20 20 41 75 | 67 20 31 39 39 33 29 0a | Au|g 1993).|
|00000f60| 73 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 34 2e 20 44 69 73 6b 73 |section |4. Disks|
|00000f70| 20 61 6e 64 20 66 69 6c | 65 73 0a 20 20 20 20 34 | and fil|es. 4|
|00000f80| 30 31 2e 20 57 68 61 74 | 20 64 72 69 76 65 20 77 |01. What| drive w|
|00000f90| 61 73 20 74 68 65 20 50 | 43 20 62 6f 6f 74 65 64 |as the P|C booted|
|00000fa0| 20 66 72 6f 6d 3f 0a 20 | 20 20 20 34 30 32 2e 20 | from?. | 402. |
|00000fb0| 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 | 49 20 62 6f 6f 74 20 66 |How can |I boot f|
|00000fc0| 72 6f 6d 20 64 72 69 76 | 65 20 62 3a 3f 20 28 72 |rom driv|e b:? (r|
|00000fd0| 65 76 3a 20 32 34 20 4d | 61 72 20 31 39 39 34 29 |ev: 24 M|ar 1994)|
|00000fe0| 0a 20 20 20 20 34 30 33 | 2e 20 57 68 69 63 68 20 |. 403|. Which |
|00000ff0| 72 65 61 6c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 76 69 72 74 75 61 6c |real and| virtual|
|00001000| 20 64 69 73 6b 20 64 72 | 69 76 65 73 20 61 72 65 | disk dr|ives are|
|00001010| 20 76 61 6c 69 64 3f 20 | 28 72 65 76 3a 20 31 35 | valid? |(rev: 15|
|00001020| 20 41 75 67 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 39 | Aug. | 19|
|00001030| 39 33 29 0a 20 20 20 20 | 34 30 34 2e 20 48 6f 77 |93). |404. How|
|00001040| 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 6d | 61 6b 65 20 6d 79 20 73 | can I m|ake my s|
|00001050| 69 6e 67 6c 65 20 66 6c | 6f 70 70 79 20 64 72 69 |ingle fl|oppy dri|
|00001060| 76 65 20 62 6f 74 68 20 | 61 3a 20 61 6e 64 20 62 |ve both |a: and b|
|00001070| 3a 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 34 | 30 35 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 |:?. 4|05. How |
|00001080| 63 61 6e 20 49 20 64 69 | 73 61 62 6c 65 20 61 63 |can I di|sable ac|
|00001090| 63 65 73 73 20 74 6f 20 | 61 20 64 72 69 76 65 3f |cess to |a drive?|
|000010a0| 20 28 6e 65 77 3a 20 31 | 35 20 41 75 67 20 31 39 | (new: 1|5 Aug 19|
|000010b0| 39 33 29 0a 20 20 20 20 | 34 30 36 2e 20 48 6f 77 |93). |406. How|
|000010c0| 20 63 61 6e 20 61 20 62 | 61 74 63 68 20 66 69 6c | can a b|atch fil|
|000010d0| 65 20 74 65 73 74 20 65 | 78 69 73 74 65 6e 63 65 |e test e|xistence|
|000010e0| 20 6f 66 20 61 20 64 69 | 72 65 63 74 6f 72 79 3f | of a di|rectory?|
|000010f0| 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 32 | 38 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | (rev: 2|8. |
|00001100| 20 20 20 4d 61 79 20 31 | 39 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 | May 1|994). |
|00001110| 20 34 30 37 2e 20 57 68 | 79 20 77 6f 6e 27 74 20 | 407. Wh|y won't |
|00001120| 6d 79 20 43 20 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 20 6f 70 65 |my C pro|gram ope|
|00001130| 6e 20 61 20 66 69 6c 65 | 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 20 |n a file| with a |
|00001140| 70 61 74 68 3f 0a 20 20 | 20 20 34 30 38 2e 20 48 |path?. | 408. H|
|00001150| 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 49 | 20 72 65 64 69 72 65 63 |ow can I| redirec|
|00001160| 74 20 70 72 69 6e 74 65 | 72 20 6f 75 74 70 75 74 |t printe|r output|
|00001170| 20 74 6f 20 61 20 66 69 | 6c 65 3f 20 28 72 65 76 | to a fi|le? (rev|
|00001180| 3a 20 31 36 20 41 75 67 | 20 31 39 39 33 29 0a 20 |: 16 Aug| 1993). |
|00001190| 20 20 20 34 30 39 2e 20 | 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 | 409. |How can |
|000011a0| 49 20 72 65 64 69 72 65 | 63 74 20 74 68 65 20 6f |I redire|ct the o|
|000011b0| 75 74 70 75 74 20 6f 66 | 20 61 20 62 61 74 63 68 |utput of| a batch|
|000011c0| 20 66 69 6c 65 3f 20 28 | 72 65 76 3a 20 32 34 20 | file? (|rev: 24 |
|000011d0| 4d 61 72 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 31 39 39 |Mar. | 199|
|000011e0| 34 29 0a 20 20 20 20 34 | 31 30 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 |4). 4|10. How |
|000011f0| 63 61 6e 20 49 20 72 65 | 64 69 72 65 63 74 20 73 |can I re|direct s|
|00001200| 74 64 65 72 72 3f 20 28 | 72 65 76 3a 20 32 34 20 |tderr? (|rev: 24 |
|00001210| 4d 61 72 20 31 39 39 34 | 29 0a 20 20 20 20 34 31 |Mar 1994|). 41|
|00001220| 31 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 63 | 61 6e 20 6d 79 20 70 72 |1. How c|an my pr|
|00001230| 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 6f 70 | 65 6e 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 |ogram op|en more |
|00001240| 66 69 6c 65 73 20 74 68 | 61 6e 20 44 4f 53 27 73 |files th|an DOS's|
|00001250| 20 6c 69 6d 69 74 20 6f | 66 20 32 30 3f 0a 20 20 | limit o|f 20?. |
|00001260| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 28 | 72 65 76 3a 20 31 32 20 | (|rev: 12 |
|00001270| 53 65 70 20 31 39 39 33 | 29 0a 20 20 20 20 34 31 |Sep 1993|). 41|
|00001280| 32 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 63 | 61 6e 20 49 20 72 65 61 |2. How c|an I rea|
|00001290| 64 2c 20 63 72 65 61 74 | 65 2c 20 63 68 61 6e 67 |d, creat|e, chang|
|000012a0| 65 2c 20 6f 72 20 64 65 | 6c 65 74 65 20 74 68 65 |e, or de|lete the|
|000012b0| 20 76 6f 6c 75 6d 65 20 | 6c 61 62 65 6c 3f 0a 20 | volume |label?. |
|000012c0| 20 20 20 34 31 33 2e 20 | 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 | 413. |How can |
|000012d0| 49 20 67 65 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 64 69 73 6b 20 73 |I get th|e disk s|
|000012e0| 65 72 69 61 6c 20 6e 75 | 6d 62 65 72 3f 20 28 72 |erial nu|mber? (r|
|000012f0| 65 76 3a 20 36 20 4a 75 | 6e 20 31 39 39 34 29 0a |ev: 6 Ju|n 1994).|
|00001300| 20 20 20 20 34 31 34 2e | 20 57 68 61 74 27 73 20 | 414.| What's |
|00001310| 74 68 65 20 66 6f 72 6d | 61 74 20 6f 66 20 2e 4f |the form|at of .O|
|00001320| 42 4a 2c 20 2e 45 58 45 | 2e 2c 20 2e 43 4f 4d 20 |BJ, .EXE|., .COM |
|00001330| 66 69 6c 65 73 3f 0a 20 | 20 20 20 34 31 35 2e 20 |files?. | 415. |
|00001340| 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 | 49 20 66 6c 75 73 68 20 |How can |I flush |
|00001350| 74 68 65 20 73 6f 66 74 | 77 61 72 65 20 64 69 73 |the soft|ware dis|
|00001360| 6b 20 63 61 63 68 65 3f | 0a 73 65 63 74 69 6f 6e |k cache?|.section|
|00001370| 20 35 2e 20 53 65 72 69 | 61 6c 20 70 6f 72 74 73 | 5. Seri|al ports|
|00001380| 20 28 43 4f 4d 20 70 6f | 72 74 73 29 0a 20 20 20 | (COM po|rts). |
|00001390| 20 35 30 31 2e 20 48 6f | 77 20 64 6f 20 49 20 73 | 501. Ho|w do I s|
|000013a0| 65 74 20 6d 79 20 6d 61 | 63 68 69 6e 65 20 75 70 |et my ma|chine up|
|000013b0| 20 74 6f 20 75 73 65 20 | 43 4f 4d 33 20 61 6e 64 | to use |COM3 and|
|000013c0| 20 43 4f 4d 34 3f 0a 20 | 20 20 20 35 30 32 2e 20 | COM4?. | 502. |
|000013d0| 48 6f 77 20 64 6f 20 49 | 20 66 69 6e 64 20 74 68 |How do I| find th|
|000013e0| 65 20 49 2f 4f 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 20 6f 66 |e I/O ad|dress of|
|000013f0| 20 61 20 43 4f 4d 20 70 | 6f 72 74 3f 20 28 72 65 | a COM p|ort? (re|
|00001400| 76 3a 20 32 34 20 4d 61 | 72 20 31 39 39 34 29 0a |v: 24 Ma|r 1994).|
|00001410| 20 20 20 20 35 30 33 2e | 20 42 75 74 20 61 72 65 | 503.| But are|
|00001420| 6e 27 74 20 74 68 65 20 | 43 4f 4d 20 70 6f 72 74 |n't the |COM port|
|00001430| 73 20 61 6c 77 61 79 73 | 20 61 74 20 49 2f 4f 20 |s always| at I/O |
|00001440| 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 65 | 73 20 33 46 38 2c 20 32 |addresse|s 3F8, 2|
|00001450| 46 38 2c 20 33 45 38 2c | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |F8, 3E8,|. |
|00001460| 20 20 61 6e 64 20 32 45 | 38 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 35 | and 2E|8?. 5|
|00001470| 30 34 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 | 64 6f 20 49 20 63 6f 6e |04. How |do I con|
|00001480| 66 69 67 75 72 65 20 61 | 20 43 4f 4d 20 70 6f 72 |figure a| COM por|
|00001490| 74 20 61 6e 64 20 75 73 | 65 20 69 74 20 74 6f 20 |t and us|e it to |
|000014a0| 74 72 61 6e 73 6d 69 74 | 20 64 61 74 61 3f 0a 20 |transmit| data?. |
|000014b0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 28 72 65 76 3a 20 31 37 | |(rev: 17|
|000014c0| 20 53 65 70 20 31 39 39 | 33 29 0a 73 65 63 74 69 | Sep 199|3).secti|
|000014d0| 6f 6e 20 36 2e 20 4f 74 | 68 65 72 20 68 61 72 64 |on 6. Ot|her hard|
|000014e0| 77 61 72 65 20 71 75 65 | 73 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 |ware que|stions a|
|000014f0| 6e 64 20 70 72 6f 62 6c | 65 6d 73 0a 20 20 20 20 |nd probl|ems. |
|00001500| 36 30 31 2e 20 57 68 69 | 63 68 20 38 30 78 38 36 |601. Whi|ch 80x86|
|00001510| 20 43 50 55 20 69 73 20 | 72 75 6e 6e 69 6e 67 20 | CPU is |running |
|00001520| 6d 79 20 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 3f 20 28 72 65 76 |my progr|am? (rev|
|00001530| 3a 20 32 34 20 4d 61 72 | 20 31 39 39 34 29 0a 20 |: 24 Mar| 1994). |
|00001540| 20 20 20 36 30 32 2e 20 | 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 | 602. |How can |
|00001550| 61 20 43 20 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 20 73 65 6e 64 |a C prog|ram send|
|00001560| 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c | 20 63 6f 64 65 73 20 74 | control| codes t|
|00001570| 6f 20 6d 79 20 70 72 69 | 6e 74 65 72 3f 0a 20 20 |o my pri|nter?. |
|00001580| 20 20 36 30 33 2e 20 48 | 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 49 | 603. H|ow can I|
|00001590| 20 72 65 64 69 72 65 63 | 74 20 70 72 69 6e 74 65 | redirec|t printe|
|000015a0| 72 20 6f 75 74 70 75 74 | 20 74 6f 20 61 20 66 69 |r output| to a fi|
|000015b0| 6c 65 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 | 36 30 34 2e 20 57 68 69 |le?. |604. Whi|
|000015c0| 63 68 20 76 69 64 65 6f | 20 61 64 61 70 74 65 72 |ch video| adapter|
|000015d0| 20 69 73 20 69 6e 73 74 | 61 6c 6c 65 64 3f 0a 20 | is inst|alled?. |
|000015e0| 20 20 20 36 30 35 2e 20 | 48 6f 77 20 64 6f 20 49 | 605. |How do I|
|000015f0| 20 73 77 69 74 63 68 20 | 74 6f 20 34 33 2d 20 6f | switch |to 43- o|
|00001600| 72 20 35 30 2d 6c 69 6e | 65 20 6d 6f 64 65 3f 0a |r 50-lin|e mode?.|
|00001610| 20 20 20 20 36 30 36 2e | 20 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e | 606.| How can|
|00001620| 20 49 20 66 69 6e 64 20 | 74 68 65 20 4d 69 63 72 | I find |the Micr|
|00001630| 6f 73 6f 66 74 20 6d 6f | 75 73 65 20 70 6f 73 69 |osoft mo|use posi|
|00001640| 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 | 20 62 75 74 74 6f 6e 20 |tion and| button |
|00001650| 73 74 61 74 75 73 3f 0a | 20 20 20 20 36 30 37 2e |status?.| 607.|
|00001660| 20 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e | 20 49 20 61 63 63 65 73 | How can| I acces|
|00001670| 73 20 61 20 73 70 65 63 | 69 66 69 63 20 61 64 64 |s a spec|ific add|
|00001680| 72 65 73 73 20 69 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 50 43 27 73 |ress in |the PC's|
|00001690| 20 6d 65 6d 6f 72 79 3f | 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 36 | memory?| (rev: 6|
|000016a0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 4a 75 6e 20 31 39 |. | Jun 19|
|000016b0| 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 20 | 36 30 38 2e 20 48 6f 77 |94). |608. How|
|000016c0| 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 72 | 65 61 64 20 6f 72 20 77 | can I r|ead or w|
|000016d0| 72 69 74 65 20 6d 79 20 | 50 43 27 73 20 43 4d 4f |rite my |PC's CMO|
|000016e0| 53 20 6d 65 6d 6f 72 79 | 3f 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 |S memory|? (rev: |
|000016f0| 32 34 20 4d 61 72 20 31 | 39 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 |24 Mar 1|994). |
|00001700| 20 36 30 39 2e 20 48 6f | 77 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 | 609. Ho|w can I |
|00001710| 61 63 63 65 73 73 20 6d | 65 6d 6f 72 79 20 62 65 |access m|emory be|
|00001720| 79 6f 6e 64 20 36 34 30 | 4b 3f 20 28 72 65 76 3a |yond 640|K? (rev:|
|00001730| 20 32 34 20 4d 61 72 20 | 31 39 39 34 29 0a 73 65 | 24 Mar |1994).se|
|00001740| 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 37 2e | 20 4f 74 68 65 72 20 73 |ction 7.| Other s|
|00001750| 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 | 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e |oftware |question|
|00001760| 73 20 61 6e 64 20 70 72 | 6f 62 6c 65 6d 73 0a 20 |s and pr|oblems. |
|00001770| 20 20 20 37 30 31 2e 20 | 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e 20 | 701. |How can |
|00001780| 61 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 20 72 65 62 6f 6f 74 |a progra|m reboot|
|00001790| 20 6d 79 20 50 43 3f 20 | 28 72 65 76 3a 20 32 34 | my PC? |(rev: 24|
|000017a0| 20 4d 61 72 20 31 39 39 | 34 29 0a 20 20 20 20 37 | Mar 199|4). 7|
|000017b0| 30 32 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 | 63 61 6e 20 49 20 74 69 |02. How |can I ti|
|000017c0| 6d 65 20 65 76 65 6e 74 | 73 20 77 69 74 68 20 66 |me event|s with f|
|000017d0| 69 6e 65 72 20 72 65 73 | 6f 6c 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 |iner res|olution |
|000017e0| 74 68 61 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 0a |than the| system.|
|000017f0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 63 6c 6f 63 6b 27 73 | | clock's|
|00001800| 20 35 35 20 6d 73 20 28 | 61 62 6f 75 74 20 31 38 | 55 ms (|about 18|
|00001810| 20 74 69 63 6b 73 20 61 | 20 73 65 63 6f 6e 64 29 | ticks a| second)|
|00001820| 3f 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 | 32 34 20 4d 61 72 20 31 |? (rev: |24 Mar 1|
|00001830| 39 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 | 20 37 30 33 2e 20 48 6f |994). | 703. Ho|
|00001840| 77 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 | 66 69 6e 64 20 74 68 65 |w can I |find the|
|00001850| 20 65 72 72 6f 72 20 6c | 65 76 65 6c 20 6f 66 20 | error l|evel of |
|00001860| 74 68 65 20 70 72 65 76 | 69 6f 75 73 20 70 72 6f |the prev|ious pro|
|00001870| 67 72 61 6d 3f 20 28 72 | 65 76 3a 0a 20 20 20 20 |gram? (r|ev:. |
|00001880| 20 20 20 20 20 32 34 20 | 4d 61 72 20 31 39 39 34 | 24 |Mar 1994|
|00001890| 29 0a 20 20 20 20 37 30 | 34 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 63 |). 70|4. How c|
|000018a0| 61 6e 20 61 20 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 20 73 65 74 |an a pro|gram set|
|000018b0| 20 44 4f 53 20 65 6e 76 | 69 72 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 | DOS env|ironment|
|000018c0| 20 76 61 72 69 61 62 6c | 65 73 3f 20 28 72 65 76 | variabl|es? (rev|
|000018d0| 3a 20 32 34 20 4d 61 72 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |: 24 Mar|. |
|000018e0| 20 20 31 39 39 34 29 0a | 20 20 20 20 37 30 35 2e | 1994).| 705.|
|000018f0| 20 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e | 20 49 20 63 68 61 6e 67 | How can| I chang|
|00001900| 65 20 74 68 65 20 73 77 | 69 74 63 68 20 63 68 61 |e the sw|itch cha|
|00001910| 72 61 63 74 65 72 20 74 | 6f 20 2d 20 66 72 6f 6d |racter t|o - from|
|00001920| 20 2f 3f 20 28 72 65 76 | 3a 20 32 30 20 4d 61 72 | /? (rev|: 20 Mar|
|00001930| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 31 39 39 34 29 0a |. | 1994).|
|00001940| 20 20 20 20 37 30 36 2e | 20 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e | 706.| How can|
|00001950| 20 49 20 77 72 69 74 65 | 20 61 20 54 53 52 20 28 | I write| a TSR (|
|00001960| 74 65 72 6d 69 6e 61 74 | 65 2d 73 74 61 79 2d 72 |terminat|e-stay-r|
|00001970| 65 73 69 64 65 6e 74 20 | 75 74 69 6c 69 74 79 29 |esident |utility)|
|00001980| 3f 20 28 72 65 76 3a 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |? (rev:.| |
|00001990| 20 32 34 20 4d 61 72 20 | 31 39 39 34 29 0a 20 20 | 24 Mar |1994). |
|000019a0| 20 20 37 30 37 2e 20 57 | 68 79 20 64 6f 65 73 20 | 707. W|hy does |
|000019b0| 6d 79 20 69 6e 74 65 72 | 72 75 70 74 20 66 75 6e |my inter|rupt fun|
|000019c0| 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 62 65 | 68 61 76 65 20 73 74 72 |ction be|have str|
|000019d0| 61 6e 67 65 6c 79 3f 20 | 28 72 65 76 3a 20 32 34 |angely? |(rev: 24|
|000019e0| 20 53 65 70 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 39 | Sep. | 19|
|000019f0| 39 33 29 0a 20 20 20 20 | 37 30 38 2e 20 48 6f 77 |93). |708. How|
|00001a00| 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 77 | 72 69 74 65 20 61 20 64 | can I w|rite a d|
|00001a10| 65 76 69 63 65 20 64 72 | 69 76 65 72 3f 0a 20 20 |evice dr|iver?. |
|00001a20| 20 20 37 30 39 2e 20 57 | 68 61 74 20 63 61 6e 20 | 709. W|hat can |
|00001a30| 49 20 75 73 65 20 74 6f | 20 6d 61 6e 61 67 65 20 |I use to| manage |
|00001a40| 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 73 | 20 6f 66 20 73 6f 66 74 |versions| of soft|
|00001a50| 77 61 72 65 3f 20 28 72 | 65 76 3a 20 32 31 20 41 |ware? (r|ev: 21 A|
|00001a60| 75 67 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 31 39 39 33 |ug. | 1993|
|00001a70| 29 0a 20 20 20 20 37 31 | 30 2e 20 57 68 61 74 27 |). 71|0. What'|
|00001a80| 73 20 74 68 69 73 20 22 | 6e 75 6c 6c 20 70 6f 69 |s this "|null poi|
|00001a90| 6e 74 65 72 20 61 73 73 | 69 67 6e 6d 65 6e 74 22 |nter ass|ignment"|
|00001aa0| 20 61 66 74 65 72 20 6d | 79 20 43 20 70 72 6f 67 | after m|y C prog|
|00001ab0| 72 61 6d 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 65 78 65 |ram. | exe|
|00001ac0| 63 75 74 65 73 3f 20 28 | 72 65 76 3a 20 32 30 20 |cutes? (|rev: 20 |
|00001ad0| 4d 61 72 20 31 39 39 34 | 29 0a 20 20 20 20 37 31 |Mar 1994|). 71|
|00001ae0| 31 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 63 | 61 6e 20 61 20 62 61 74 |1. How c|an a bat|
|00001af0| 63 68 20 66 69 6c 65 20 | 74 65 6c 6c 20 77 68 65 |ch file |tell whe|
|00001b00| 74 68 65 72 20 69 74 27 | 73 20 62 65 69 6e 67 20 |ther it'|s being |
|00001b10| 72 75 6e 20 69 6e 20 61 | 20 44 4f 53 20 62 6f 78 |run in a| DOS box|
|00001b20| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 75 6e 64 65 72 20 |. | under |
|00001b30| 57 69 6e 64 6f 77 73 3f | 20 28 6e 65 77 3a 20 32 |Windows?| (new: 2|
|00001b40| 30 20 4d 61 72 20 31 39 | 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 20 |0 Mar 19|94). |
|00001b50| 37 31 32 2e 20 48 6f 77 | 20 63 61 6e 20 6d 79 20 |712. How| can my |
|00001b60| 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 | 74 65 6c 6c 20 69 66 20 |program |tell if |
|00001b70| 69 74 27 73 20 72 75 6e | 6e 69 6e 67 20 75 6e 64 |it's run|ning und|
|00001b80| 65 72 20 57 69 6e 64 6f | 77 73 3f 20 28 72 65 76 |er Windo|ws? (rev|
|00001b90| 3a 20 32 30 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 4d 61 |: 20. | Ma|
|00001ba0| 72 20 31 39 39 34 29 0a | 20 20 20 20 37 31 33 2e |r 1994).| 713.|
|00001bb0| 20 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e | 20 61 20 70 72 6f 67 72 | How can| a progr|
|00001bc0| 61 6d 20 74 65 6c 6c 20 | 77 68 65 74 68 65 72 20 |am tell |whether |
|00001bd0| 41 4e 53 49 2e 53 59 53 | 20 69 73 20 69 6e 73 74 |ANSI.SYS| is inst|
|00001be0| 61 6c 6c 65 64 3f 20 28 | 6e 65 77 3a 20 32 30 0a |alled? (|new: 20.|
|00001bf0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 41 70 72 20 31 39 39 | | Apr 199|
|00001c00| 34 29 0a 20 20 20 20 37 | 39 39 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 |4). 7|99. How |
|00001c10| 64 6f 20 49 20 63 6f 70 | 79 72 69 67 68 74 20 73 |do I cop|yright s|
|00001c20| 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 49 20 77 |oftware |that I w|
|00001c30| 72 69 74 65 3f 20 28 72 | 65 76 3a 20 39 20 53 65 |rite? (r|ev: 9 Se|
|00001c40| 70 20 31 39 39 33 29 0a | 73 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 |p 1993).|section |
|00001c50| 41 2e 20 44 6f 77 6e 6c | 6f 61 64 69 6e 67 0a 20 |A. Downl|oading. |
|00001c60| 20 20 20 41 30 31 2e 20 | 57 68 61 74 20 61 72 65 | A01. |What are|
|00001c70| 20 53 69 6d 54 65 6c 2c | 20 47 61 72 62 6f 2c 20 | SimTel,| Garbo, |
|00001c80| 61 6e 64 20 77 75 73 74 | 6c 3f 20 28 72 65 76 3a |and wust|l? (rev:|
|00001c90| 20 36 20 41 70 72 20 31 | 39 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 | 6 Apr 1|994). |
|00001ca0| 20 41 30 32 2e 20 49 20 | 68 61 76 65 20 6e 6f 20 | A02. I |have no |
|00001cb0| 66 74 70 20 61 63 63 65 | 73 73 2e 20 20 48 6f 77 |ftp acce|ss. How|
|00001cc0| 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 67 | 65 74 20 66 69 6c 65 73 | can I g|et files|
|00001cd0| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 | 65 20 61 72 63 68 69 76 | from th|e archiv|
|00001ce0| 65 73 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 28 72 65 |es?. | (re|
|00001cf0| 76 3a 20 31 34 20 4a 75 | 6e 65 20 31 39 39 33 29 |v: 14 Ju|ne 1993)|
|00001d00| 0a 20 20 20 20 41 30 33 | 2e 20 43 61 6e 20 49 20 |. A03|. Can I |
|00001d10| 67 65 74 20 61 72 63 68 | 69 76 65 73 20 6f 6e 20 |get arch|ives on |
|00001d20| 43 44 2d 52 4f 4d 3f 20 | 28 72 65 76 3a 20 32 34 |CD-ROM? |(rev: 24|
|00001d30| 20 4d 61 79 20 31 39 39 | 33 29 0a 20 20 20 20 41 | May 199|3). A|
|00001d40| 30 34 2e 20 57 68 65 72 | 65 20 64 6f 20 49 20 66 |04. Wher|e do I f|
|00001d50| 69 6e 64 20 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 20 3c 6d 75 6d |ind prog|ram <mum|
|00001d60| 62 6c 65 3e 3f 20 28 72 | 65 76 3a 20 37 20 41 75 |ble>? (r|ev: 7 Au|
|00001d70| 67 20 31 39 39 33 29 0a | 20 20 20 20 41 30 35 2e |g 1993).| A05.|
|00001d80| 20 48 6f 77 20 63 61 6e | 20 49 20 63 68 65 63 6b | How can| I check|
|00001d90| 20 53 69 6d 54 65 6c 20 | 6f 72 20 47 61 72 62 6f | SimTel |or Garbo|
|00001da0| 20 62 65 66 6f 72 65 20 | 49 20 70 6f 73 74 20 61 | before |I post a|
|00001db0| 20 72 65 71 75 65 73 74 | 20 66 6f 72 20 61 0a 20 | request| for a. |
|00001dc0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 3f | |program?|
|00001dd0| 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 32 | 34 20 4d 61 72 20 31 39 | (rev: 2|4 Mar 19|
|00001de0| 39 34 29 0a 20 20 20 20 | 41 30 36 2e 20 48 6f 77 |94). |A06. How|
|00001df0| 20 64 6f 20 49 20 64 6f | 77 6e 6c 6f 61 64 20 61 | do I do|wnload a|
|00001e00| 6e 64 20 64 65 63 6f 64 | 65 20 61 20 70 72 6f 67 |nd decod|e a prog|
|00001e10| 72 61 6d 20 49 20 66 6f | 75 6e 64 3f 20 28 72 65 |ram I fo|und? (re|
|00001e20| 76 3a 20 37 20 41 75 67 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |v: 7 Aug|. |
|00001e30| 20 20 31 39 39 33 29 0a | 20 20 20 20 41 30 37 2e | 1993).| A07.|
|00001e40| 20 57 68 65 72 65 20 69 | 73 20 55 55 44 45 43 4f | Where i|s UUDECO|
|00001e50| 44 45 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 | 41 30 38 2e 20 57 68 79 |DE?. |A08. Why|
|00001e60| 20 64 6f 20 49 20 67 65 | 74 20 65 72 72 6f 72 73 | do I ge|t errors|
|00001e70| 20 77 68 65 6e 20 65 78 | 74 72 61 63 74 69 6e 67 | when ex|tracting|
|00001e80| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 20 | 5a 49 50 20 66 69 6c 65 | from a |ZIP file|
|00001e90| 20 49 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 64 6f 77 6e | I. | down|
|00001ea0| 6c 6f 61 64 65 64 3f 20 | 28 72 65 76 3a 20 32 30 |loaded? |(rev: 20|
|00001eb0| 20 4d 61 72 20 31 39 39 | 34 29 0a 73 65 63 74 69 | Mar 199|4).secti|
|00001ec0| 6f 6e 20 42 2e 20 56 65 | 6e 64 6f 72 73 20 61 6e |on B. Ve|ndors an|
|00001ed0| 64 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 | 74 73 0a 20 20 20 20 42 |d produc|ts. B|
|00001ee0| 30 31 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 | 63 61 6e 20 49 20 63 6f |01. How |can I co|
|00001ef0| 6e 74 61 63 74 20 42 6f | 72 6c 61 6e 64 3f 20 28 |ntact Bo|rland? (|
|00001f00| 72 65 76 3a 20 36 20 53 | 65 70 20 31 39 39 33 29 |rev: 6 S|ep 1993)|
|00001f10| 0a 20 20 20 20 42 30 32 | 2e 20 48 6f 77 20 63 61 |. B02|. How ca|
|00001f20| 6e 20 49 20 63 6f 6e 74 | 61 63 74 20 4d 69 63 72 |n I cont|act Micr|
|00001f30| 6f 73 6f 66 74 3f 20 28 | 72 65 76 3a 20 31 38 20 |osoft? (|rev: 18 |
|00001f40| 53 65 70 20 31 39 39 33 | 29 0a 20 20 20 20 42 30 |Sep 1993|). B0|
|00001f50| 33 2e 20 57 68 61 74 27 | 73 20 74 68 65 20 63 75 |3. What'|s the cu|
|00001f60| 72 72 65 6e 74 20 76 65 | 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 |rrent ve|rsion of|
|00001f70| 20 55 4e 5a 49 50 3f 20 | 28 72 65 76 3a 20 31 37 | UNZIP? |(rev: 17|
|00001f80| 20 4d 61 72 20 31 39 39 | 34 29 0a 20 20 20 20 42 | Mar 199|4). B|
|00001f90| 30 34 2e 20 57 68 61 74 | 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 |04. What| is the |
|00001fa0| 70 68 6f 6e 65 20 6e 75 | 6d 62 65 72 20 66 6f 72 |phone nu|mber for|
|00001fb0| 20 61 20 76 65 6e 64 6f | 72 27 73 20 42 42 53 3f | a vendo|r's BBS?|
|00001fc0| 20 28 72 65 76 3a 20 32 | 34 20 4d 61 72 20 31 39 | (rev: 2|4 Mar 19|
|00001fd0| 39 34 29 0a 73 65 63 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 43 2e 20 4d |94).sect|ion C. M|
|00001fe0| 6f 72 65 20 69 6e 66 6f | 72 6d 61 74 69 6f 6e 0a |ore info|rmation.|
|00001ff0| 20 20 20 20 43 30 31 2e | 20 41 72 65 20 74 68 65 | C01.| Are the|
|00002000| 72 65 20 61 6e 79 20 67 | 6f 6f 64 20 6f 6e 2d 6c |re any g|ood on-l|
|00002010| 69 6e 65 20 72 65 66 65 | 72 65 6e 63 65 73 20 66 |ine refe|rences f|
|00002020| 6f 72 20 50 43 20 68 61 | 72 64 77 61 72 65 0a 20 |or PC ha|rdware. |
|00002030| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 63 6f 6d 70 6f 6e 65 6e | |componen|
|00002040| 74 73 3f 20 28 72 65 76 | 3a 20 32 38 20 4a 75 6c |ts? (rev|: 28 Jul|
|00002050| 79 20 31 39 39 33 29 0a | 20 20 20 20 43 30 32 2e |y 1993).| C02.|
|00002060| 20 41 72 65 20 74 68 65 | 72 65 20 61 6e 79 20 67 | Are the|re any g|
|00002070| 6f 6f 64 20 6f 6e 2d 6c | 69 6e 65 20 72 65 66 65 |ood on-l|ine refe|
|00002080| 72 65 6e 63 65 73 20 66 | 6f 72 20 50 43 20 69 6e |rences f|or PC in|
|00002090| 74 65 72 72 75 70 74 73 | 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 43 30 |terrupts|?. C0|
|000020a0| 33 2e 20 57 68 61 74 20 | 61 6e 64 20 77 68 65 72 |3. What |and wher|
|000020b0| 65 20 69 73 20 22 52 61 | 6c 66 20 42 72 6f 77 6e |e is "Ra|lf Brown|
|000020c0| 27 73 20 69 6e 74 65 72 | 72 75 70 74 20 6c 69 73 |'s inter|rupt lis|
|000020d0| 74 22 3f 20 28 72 65 76 | 3a 20 36 20 4a 75 6e 0a |t"? (rev|: 6 Jun.|
|000020e0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 31 39 39 34 29 0a 20 | | 1994). |
|000020f0| 20 20 20 43 30 34 2e 20 | 57 68 65 72 65 20 63 61 | C04. |Where ca|
|00002100| 6e 20 49 20 66 69 6e 64 | 20 6c 65 78 2c 20 79 61 |n I find| lex, ya|
|00002110| 63 63 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 | 6c 61 6e 67 75 61 67 65 |cc, and |language|
|00002120| 20 67 72 61 6d 6d 61 72 | 73 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 43 | grammar|s?. C|
|00002130| 30 35 2e 20 57 68 61 74 | 27 73 20 74 68 65 20 62 |05. What|'s the b|
|00002140| 65 73 74 20 62 6f 6f 6b | 20 74 6f 20 6c 65 61 72 |est book| to lear|
|00002150| 6e 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 6d 69 6e 67 3f 0a 20 |n progra|mming?. |
|00002160| 20 20 20 43 30 36 2e 20 | 57 68 65 72 65 20 61 72 | C06. |Where ar|
|00002170| 65 20 46 41 51 20 6c 69 | 73 74 73 20 61 72 63 68 |e FAQ li|sts arch|
|00002180| 69 76 65 64 3f 20 28 72 | 65 76 3a 20 32 39 20 4d |ived? (r|ev: 29 M|
|00002190| 61 72 20 31 39 39 34 29 | 0a 20 20 20 20 43 30 37 |ar 1994)|. C07|
|000021a0| 2e 20 57 68 65 72 65 20 | 63 61 6e 20 49 20 67 65 |. Where |can I ge|
|000021b0| 74 20 74 68 65 20 6c 61 | 74 65 73 74 20 63 6f 70 |t the la|test cop|
|000021c0| 79 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 | 73 20 46 41 51 20 6c 69 |y of thi|s FAQ li|
|000021d0| 73 74 3f 20 28 72 65 76 | 3a 20 33 30 20 4d 61 72 |st? (rev|: 30 Mar|
|000021e0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 31 39 39 34 29 0a |. | 1994).|
|000021f0| 20 20 20 20 43 30 38 2e | 20 48 6f 77 20 64 6f 20 | C08.| How do |
|00002200| 49 20 75 73 65 20 66 74 | 70 3f 20 28 72 65 76 3a |I use ft|p? (rev:|
|00002210| 20 36 20 41 70 72 20 31 | 39 39 34 29 0a 0a 0a 73 | 6 Apr 1|994)...s|
|00002220| 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 30 | 2e 20 49 6e 74 72 6f 64 |ection 0|. Introd|
|00002230| 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 | 6f 20 74 68 69 73 20 61 |uction t|o this a|
|00002240| 72 74 69 63 6c 65 0a 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |rticle.=|========|
|00002250| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00002260| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 0a 0a |========|======..|
|00002270| 53 75 62 6a 65 63 74 3a | 20 20 30 30 31 2e 20 57 |Subject:| 001. W|
|00002280| 68 61 74 20 69 73 20 74 | 68 69 73 20 61 72 74 69 |hat is t|his arti|
|00002290| 63 6c 65 3f 20 28 72 65 | 76 3a 20 31 39 20 41 70 |cle? (re|v: 19 Ap|
|000022a0| 72 20 31 39 39 34 29 0a | 0a 20 20 20 20 54 68 69 |r 1994).|. Thi|
|000022b0| 73 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 46 41 51 20 6c 69 73 |s is the| FAQ lis|
|000022c0| 74 20 28 46 72 65 71 75 | 65 6e 74 6c 79 20 41 73 |t (Frequ|ently As|
|000022d0| 6b 65 64 20 51 75 65 73 | 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6c 69 |ked Ques|tions li|
|000022e0| 73 74 29 20 66 6f 72 20 | 74 68 65 0a 20 20 20 20 |st) for |the. |
|000022f0| 6e 65 77 73 67 72 6f 75 | 70 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e 6f |newsgrou|p comp.o|
|00002300| 73 2e 6d 73 64 6f 73 2e | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d |s.msdos.|programm|
|00002310| 65 72 2e 20 20 53 74 61 | 72 74 69 6e 67 20 32 20 |er. Sta|rting 2 |
|00002320| 46 65 62 20 31 39 39 33 | 2c 20 6e 65 77 0a 20 20 |Feb 1993|, new. |
|00002330| 20 20 71 75 65 73 74 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 61 6e 64 20 | questi|ons and |
|00002340| 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e | 73 20 77 69 74 68 20 72 |question|s with r|
|00002350| 65 76 69 73 65 64 20 61 | 6e 73 77 65 72 73 20 61 |evised a|nswers a|
|00002360| 72 65 20 6d 61 72 6b 65 | 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 22 |re marke|d with "|
|00002370| 6e 65 77 3a 22 0a 20 20 | 20 20 6f 72 20 22 72 65 |new:". | or "re|
|00002380| 76 3a 22 20 61 6e 64 20 | 74 68 65 20 63 68 61 6e |v:" and |the chan|
|00002390| 67 65 20 64 61 74 65 2e | 20 20 41 20 73 65 70 61 |ge date.| A sepa|
|000023a0| 72 61 74 65 20 61 72 74 | 69 63 6c 65 2c 20 63 6f |rate art|icle, co|
|000023b0| 6e 74 61 69 6e 69 6e 67 | 20 6a 75 73 74 0a 20 20 |ntaining| just. |
|000023c0| 20 20 74 68 65 20 63 68 | 61 6e 67 65 73 2c 20 69 | the ch|anges, i|
|000023d0| 73 20 70 6f 73 74 65 64 | 20 77 69 74 68 20 73 75 |s posted| with su|
|000023e0| 62 6a 65 63 74 20 6c 69 | 6e 65 20 22 63 6f 6d 70 |bject li|ne "comp|
|000023f0| 2e 6f 73 2e 6d 73 64 6f | 73 2e 70 72 6f 67 72 61 |.os.msdo|s.progra|
|00002400| 6d 6d 65 72 0a 20 20 20 | 20 46 41 51 20 64 69 66 |mmer. | FAQ dif|
|00002410| 66 73 22 2e 0a 0a 20 20 | 20 20 49 66 20 74 68 65 |fs"... | If the|
|00002420| 20 70 6f 73 74 69 6e 67 | 20 64 61 74 65 20 73 68 | posting| date sh|
|00002430| 6f 77 6e 20 61 62 6f 76 | 65 20 69 73 20 6d 75 63 |own abov|e is muc|
|00002440| 68 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 74 | 68 61 6e 20 61 20 6d 6f |h more t|han a mo|
|00002450| 6e 74 68 20 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 0a 20 20 20 20 70 |nth in t|he. p|
|00002460| 61 73 74 2c 20 73 65 65 | 20 22 43 30 37 2e 20 57 |ast, see| "C07. W|
|00002470| 68 65 72 65 20 63 61 6e | 20 49 20 67 65 74 20 74 |here can| I get t|
|00002480| 68 65 20 6c 61 74 65 73 | 74 20 63 6f 70 79 20 6f |he lates|t copy o|
|00002490| 66 20 74 68 69 73 20 46 | 41 51 20 6c 69 73 74 3f |f this F|AQ list?|
|000024a0| 22 0a 0a 53 75 62 6a 65 | 63 74 3a 20 20 30 30 32 |"..Subje|ct: 002|
|000024b0| 2e 20 57 68 79 20 69 73 | 20 74 68 69 73 20 61 72 |. Why is| this ar|
|000024c0| 74 69 63 6c 65 3f 20 28 | 72 65 76 3a 20 32 30 20 |ticle? (|rev: 20 |
|000024d0| 4d 61 72 20 31 39 39 34 | 29 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 46 |Mar 1994|).. F|
|000024e0| 41 51 20 6c 69 73 74 73 | 20 61 72 65 20 69 6e 74 |AQ lists| are int|
|000024f0| 65 6e 64 65 64 20 74 6f | 20 72 65 64 75 63 65 20 |ended to| reduce |
|00002500| 74 68 65 20 6e 6f 69 73 | 65 20 6c 65 76 65 6c 20 |the nois|e level |
|00002510| 69 6e 20 74 68 65 69 72 | 20 6e 65 77 73 67 72 6f |in their| newsgro|
|00002520| 75 70 73 0a 20 20 20 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 72 65 73 |ups. |that res|
|00002530| 75 6c 74 73 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 |ults fro|m the re|
|00002540| 70 65 74 69 74 69 6f 6e | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |petition| of the |
|00002550| 73 61 6d 65 20 71 75 65 | 73 74 69 6f 6e 73 2c 20 |same que|stions, |
|00002560| 63 6f 72 72 65 63 74 0a | 20 20 20 20 61 6e 73 77 |correct.| answ|
|00002570| 65 72 73 2c 20 77 72 6f | 6e 67 20 61 6e 73 77 65 |ers, wro|ng answe|
|00002580| 72 73 2c 20 63 6f 72 72 | 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 |rs, corr|ections |
|00002590| 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 77 | 72 6f 6e 67 20 61 6e 73 |to the w|rong ans|
|000025a0| 77 65 72 73 2c 0a 20 20 | 20 20 63 6f 72 72 65 63 |wers,. | correc|
|000025b0| 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 74 6f | 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 72 |tions to| the cor|
|000025c0| 72 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 | 2c 20 64 65 62 61 74 65 |rections|, debate|
|000025d0| 2c 20 65 74 63 2e 0a 0a | 20 20 20 20 54 68 69 73 |, etc...| This|
|000025e0| 20 6c 69 73 74 20 73 68 | 6f 75 6c 64 20 73 65 72 | list sh|ould ser|
|000025f0| 76 65 20 61 73 20 61 20 | 72 65 70 6f 73 69 74 6f |ve as a |reposito|
|00002600| 72 79 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 63 61 6e 6f 6e 69 |ry of th|e canoni|
|00002610| 63 61 6c 20 22 62 65 73 | 74 22 0a 20 20 20 20 61 |cal "bes|t". a|
|00002620| 6e 73 77 65 72 73 20 74 | 6f 20 74 68 65 20 71 75 |nswers t|o the qu|
|00002630| 65 73 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 69 6e 20 69 74 2e 20 20 |estions |in it. |
|00002640| 54 68 65 20 6e 61 6d 65 | 73 20 6f 66 20 66 6f 6c |The name|s of fol|
|00002650| 6b 73 20 77 68 6f 20 68 | 61 76 65 20 68 65 6c 70 |ks who h|ave help|
|00002660| 65 64 0a 20 20 20 20 74 | 6f 20 69 6d 70 72 6f 76 |ed. t|o improv|
|00002670| 65 20 74 68 69 73 20 46 | 41 51 20 6c 69 73 74 20 |e this F|AQ list |
|00002680| 61 72 65 20 6c 69 73 74 | 65 64 20 69 6e 20 22 30 |are list|ed in "0|
|00002690| 30 34 2e 20 57 68 6f 20 | 68 61 73 20 63 6f 6e 74 |04. Who |has cont|
|000026a0| 72 69 62 75 74 65 64 20 | 74 6f 0a 20 20 20 20 74 |ributed |to. t|
|000026b0| 68 69 73 20 61 72 74 69 | 63 6c 65 3f 22 0a 0a 53 |his arti|cle?"..S|
|000026c0| 75 62 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 | 20 30 30 33 2e 20 48 6f |ubject: | 003. Ho|
|000026d0| 77 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 | 73 65 61 72 63 68 20 74 |w can I |search t|
|000026e0| 68 69 73 20 61 72 74 69 | 63 6c 65 20 66 6f 72 20 |his arti|cle for |
|000026f0| 61 20 70 61 72 74 69 63 | 75 6c 61 72 20 74 6f 70 |a partic|ular top|
|00002700| 69 63 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ic?. | |
|00002710| 20 20 20 28 72 65 76 3a | 20 32 30 20 4d 61 72 20 | (rev:| 20 Mar |
|00002720| 31 39 39 34 29 0a 0a 20 | 20 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 |1994).. | This |
|00002730| 6c 69 73 74 20 69 73 20 | 69 6e 20 64 69 67 65 73 |list is |in diges|
|00002740| 74 20 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 | 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 54 |t format|... T|
|00002750| 6f 20 73 6b 69 70 20 6f | 6e 65 20 74 6f 70 69 63 |o skip o|ne topic|
|00002760| 20 61 6e 64 20 67 6f 20 | 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 6e | and go |to the n|
|00002770| 65 78 74 3a 20 20 53 65 | 61 72 63 68 20 66 6f 72 |ext: Se|arch for|
|00002780| 20 22 53 75 62 6a 65 63 | 74 22 20 73 74 61 72 74 | "Subjec|t" start|
|00002790| 69 6e 67 0a 20 20 20 20 | 69 6e 20 63 6f 6c 75 6d |ing. |in colum|
|000027a0| 6e 20 31 2e 20 20 49 6e | 20 74 72 6e 20 61 6e 64 |n 1. In| trn and|
|000027b0| 20 73 69 6d 69 6c 61 72 | 20 6e 65 77 73 72 65 61 | similar| newsrea|
|000027c0| 64 65 72 73 2c 20 74 68 | 65 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e |ders, th|e comman|
|000027d0| 64 0a 20 20 20 20 22 67 | 5e 53 75 62 6a 65 63 74 |d. "g|^Subject|
|000027e0| 22 2c 20 6f 72 20 61 20 | 73 69 6d 70 6c 65 20 43 |", or a |simple C|
|000027f0| 74 72 6c 2d 47 2c 20 64 | 6f 65 73 20 74 68 61 74 |trl-G, d|oes that|
|00002800| 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 54 | 6f 20 73 65 61 72 63 68 |... T|o search|
|00002810| 20 66 6f 72 20 73 70 65 | 63 69 66 69 63 20 74 6f | for spe|cific to|
|00002820| 70 69 63 73 3a 20 20 49 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 54 61 |pics: I|n the Ta|
|00002830| 62 6c 65 20 6f 66 20 43 | 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 73 20 |ble of C|ontents |
|00002840| 28 61 62 6f 76 65 29 2c | 0a 20 20 20 20 6c 6f 63 |(above),|. loc|
|00002850| 61 74 65 20 74 68 65 20 | 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e |ate the |question|
|00002860| 20 79 6f 75 20 6e 65 65 | 64 2e 20 20 54 68 65 6e | you nee|d. Then|
|00002870| 20 73 65 61 72 63 68 20 | 66 6f 72 20 74 68 61 74 | search |for that|
|00002880| 20 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f | 6e 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 | questio|n number|
|00002890| 2e 0a 20 20 20 20 46 6f | 72 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c |.. Fo|r exampl|
|000028a0| 65 2c 20 77 68 69 6c 65 | 20 79 6f 75 27 72 65 20 |e, while| you're |
|000028b0| 72 65 61 64 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 69 73 20 6c 69 73 |reading |this lis|
|000028c0| 74 2c 20 74 68 65 20 74 | 72 6e 20 6e 65 77 73 72 |t, the t|rn newsr|
|000028d0| 65 61 64 65 72 0a 20 20 | 20 20 63 6f 6d 6d 61 6e |eader. | comman|
|000028e0| 64 20 22 67 20 20 32 30 | 33 22 20 28 6e 6f 74 65 |d "g 20|3" (note|
|000028f0| 20 74 68 65 20 74 77 6f | 20 73 70 61 63 65 73 29 | the two| spaces)|
|00002900| 20 67 6f 65 73 20 74 6f | 20 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f | goes to| questio|
|00002910| 6e 20 32 30 33 2e 0a 0a | 20 20 20 20 49 66 20 79 |n 203...| If y|
|00002920| 6f 75 72 20 6e 65 77 73 | 72 65 61 64 65 72 20 64 |our news|reader d|
|00002930| 6f 65 73 6e 27 74 20 73 | 75 70 70 6f 72 74 20 73 |oesn't s|upport s|
|00002940| 65 61 72 63 68 65 73 2c | 20 79 6f 75 20 63 61 6e |earches,| you can|
|00002950| 20 65 78 74 72 61 63 74 | 20 74 68 65 73 65 0a 20 | extract| these. |
|00002960| 20 20 20 61 72 74 69 63 | 6c 65 73 20 74 6f 20 61 | artic|les to a|
|00002970| 20 66 69 6c 65 20 61 6e | 64 20 75 73 65 20 79 6f | file an|d use yo|
|00002980| 75 72 20 66 61 76 6f 72 | 69 74 65 20 65 64 69 74 |ur favor|ite edit|
|00002990| 6f 72 27 73 20 73 65 61 | 72 63 68 20 63 6f 6d 6d |or's sea|rch comm|
|000029a0| 61 6e 64 73 2e 0a 0a 53 | 75 62 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 |ands...S|ubject: |
|000029b0| 20 30 30 34 2e 20 57 68 | 6f 20 68 61 73 20 63 6f | 004. Wh|o has co|
|000029c0| 6e 74 72 69 62 75 74 65 | 64 20 74 6f 20 74 68 69 |ntribute|d to thi|
|000029d0| 73 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c | 65 3f 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 |s articl|e?.. |
|000029e0| 54 68 69 73 20 6c 69 73 | 74 20 69 73 20 65 64 69 |This lis|t is edi|
|000029f0| 74 65 64 20 62 79 20 53 | 74 61 6e 20 42 72 6f 77 |ted by S|tan Brow|
|00002a00| 6e 2c 20 4f 61 6b 20 52 | 6f 61 64 20 53 79 73 74 |n, Oak R|oad Syst|
|00002a10| 65 6d 73 2c 20 43 6c 65 | 76 65 6c 61 6e 64 2c 0a |ems, Cle|veland,.|
|00002a20| 20 20 20 20 4f 68 69 6f | 2c 20 74 68 65 20 22 49 | Ohio|, the "I|
|00002a30| 22 20 6f 72 20 22 6d 65 | 22 20 69 6e 20 73 6f 6d |" or "me|" in som|
|00002a40| 65 20 61 6e 73 77 65 72 | 73 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 |e answer|s... |
|00002a50| 4d 61 6e 79 20 61 72 74 | 69 63 6c 65 73 20 70 6f |Many art|icles po|
|00002a60| 73 74 65 64 20 69 6e 20 | 63 6f 6d 70 2e 6f 73 2e |sted in |comp.os.|
|00002a70| 6d 73 64 6f 73 2e 70 72 | 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 |msdos.pr|ogrammer|
|00002a80| 20 73 70 61 72 6b 65 64 | 20 69 64 65 61 73 20 6f | sparked| ideas o|
|00002a90| 72 0a 20 20 20 20 70 72 | 6f 76 69 64 65 64 20 69 |r. pr|ovided i|
|00002aa0| 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 66 6f 72 20 74 |nformati|on for t|
|00002ab0| 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 74 | 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e |he first| version|
|00002ac0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 6c 69 73 74 2e 20 20 | of this| list. |
|00002ad0| 54 68 6f 75 67 68 0a 20 | 20 20 20 74 68 65 79 20 |Though. | they |
|00002ae0| 61 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 | 72 65 73 70 6f 6e 73 69 |are not |responsi|
|00002af0| 62 6c 65 20 66 6f 72 20 | 61 6e 79 20 65 72 72 6f |ble for |any erro|
|00002b00| 72 73 2c 20 74 68 61 6e | 6b 73 20 61 72 65 20 64 |rs, than|ks are d|
|00002b10| 75 65 20 74 6f 20 74 68 | 65 0a 20 20 20 20 66 6f |ue to th|e. fo|
|00002b20| 6c 6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 | 70 65 72 73 6f 6e 73 20 |llowing |persons |
|00002b30| 66 6f 72 20 70 6f 73 74 | 65 64 20 61 72 74 69 63 |for post|ed artic|
|00002b40| 6c 65 73 20 6f 72 20 70 | 72 69 76 61 74 65 20 65 |les or p|rivate e|
|00002b50| 6d 61 69 6c 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 6c 65 64 20 74 6f |mail tha|t led to|
|00002b60| 0a 20 20 20 20 69 6d 70 | 72 6f 76 65 6d 65 6e 74 |. imp|rovement|
|00002b70| 73 20 69 6e 20 74 68 69 | 73 20 46 41 51 20 6c 69 |s in thi|s FAQ li|
|00002b80| 73 74 3a 0a 0a 20 20 20 | 20 4a 61 6d 73 68 69 64 |st:.. | Jamshid|
|00002b90| 20 41 66 73 68 61 72 2c | 20 4d 61 72 6b 20 41 69 | Afshar,| Mark Ai|
|00002ba0| 74 63 68 69 73 6f 6e 2c | 20 53 61 6e 6a 61 79 20 |tchison,| Sanjay |
|00002bb0| 41 69 79 61 67 61 72 69 | 2c 20 47 65 6f 72 67 65 |Aiyagari|, George|
|00002bc0| 20 41 6c 6d 61 73 69 2c | 0a 20 20 20 20 41 61 72 | Almasi,|. Aar|
|00002bd0| 6f 6e 20 41 75 73 65 74 | 68 2c 20 52 6f 62 65 72 |on Auset|h, Rober|
|00002be0| 74 20 42 61 6b 65 72 2c | 20 50 72 65 73 74 6f 6e |t Baker,| Preston|
|00002bf0| 20 42 61 6e 6e 69 73 74 | 65 72 2c 20 53 63 6f 74 | Bannist|er, Scot|
|00002c00| 74 20 42 61 72 6d 61 6e | 2c 20 44 65 6e 69 73 0a |t Barman|, Denis.|
|00002c10| 20 20 20 20 42 65 61 75 | 72 65 67 61 72 64 2c 20 | Beau|regard, |
|00002c20| 50 65 72 20 42 65 72 67 | 6c 61 6e 64 2c 20 4d 69 |Per Berg|land, Mi|
|00002c30| 6b 65 20 42 6c 61 63 6b | 2c 20 43 68 72 69 73 20 |ke Black|, Chris |
|00002c40| 42 6c 75 6d 2c 20 52 6f | 6e 20 42 6f 64 6b 69 6e |Blum, Ro|n Bodkin|
|00002c50| 2c 20 4d 61 72 6b 0a 20 | 20 20 20 42 72 61 64 65 |, Mark. | Brade|
|00002c60| 72 2c 20 4a 6f 6e 20 42 | 72 69 6e 6b 6d 61 6e 6e |r, Jon B|rinkmann|
|00002c70| 2c 20 41 6e 64 72 65 77 | 20 4a 61 6d 65 73 20 42 |, Andrew| James B|
|00002c80| 72 6f 6d 61 67 65 2c 20 | 47 6c 79 6e 6e 20 42 72 |romage, |Glynn Br|
|00002c90| 6f 6f 6b 73 2c 20 50 61 | 75 6c 0a 20 20 20 20 42 |ooks, Pa|ul. B|
|00002ca0| 72 6f 6f 6b 73 2c 20 52 | 61 6c 66 20 42 72 6f 77 |rooks, R|alf Brow|
|00002cb0| 6e 2c 20 53 68 61 75 6e | 20 42 75 72 6e 65 74 74 |n, Shaun| Burnett|
|00002cc0| 2c 20 44 27 41 72 63 79 | 20 4a 2e 4d 2e 20 43 61 |, D'Arcy| J.M. Ca|
|00002cd0| 69 6e 2c 20 52 61 79 6d | 6f 6e 64 20 43 68 65 6e |in, Raym|ond Chen|
|00002ce0| 2c 0a 20 20 20 20 44 65 | 6e 6e 79 20 64 65 20 4a |,. De|nny de J|
|00002cf0| 6f 6e 67 65 2c 20 45 72 | 69 63 20 44 65 56 6f 6c |onge, Er|ic DeVol|
|00002d00| 64 65 72 2c 20 41 6c 61 | 6e 20 44 72 65 77 2c 20 |der, Ala|n Drew, |
|00002d10| 50 61 75 6c 20 44 75 63 | 6b 6c 69 6e 2c 20 47 61 |Paul Duc|klin, Ga|
|00002d20| 72 79 20 44 75 65 63 6b | 2c 0a 20 20 20 20 52 6f |ry Dueck|,. Ro|
|00002d30| 6c 61 6e 64 20 45 72 69 | 6b 73 73 6f 6e 2c 20 4d |land Eri|ksson, M|
|00002d40| 61 72 6b 20 45 76 61 6e | 73 2c 20 4d 61 72 6b 75 |ark Evan|s, Marku|
|00002d50| 73 20 46 69 73 63 68 65 | 72 2c 20 47 65 6f 72 67 |s Fische|r, Georg|
|00002d60| 65 20 46 6f 72 73 6d 61 | 6e 2c 20 52 6f 67 65 72 |e Forsma|n, Roger|
|00002d70| 0a 20 20 20 20 46 75 6c | 74 6f 6e 2c 20 56 69 6e |. Ful|ton, Vin|
|00002d80| 63 65 6e 74 20 47 69 6f | 76 61 6e 6e 6f 6e 65 2c |cent Gio|vannone,|
|00002d90| 20 52 6f 62 65 72 74 20 | 47 72 75 6e 6c 6f 68 2c | Robert |Grunloh,|
|00002da0| 20 42 2e 48 61 69 62 6c | 65 2c 20 4a 61 6e 6f 73 | B.Haibl|e, Janos|
|00002db0| 20 48 61 69 64 65 2c 0a | 20 20 20 20 4b 6c 61 75 | Haide,.| Klau|
|00002dc0| 73 20 48 61 72 74 6e 65 | 67 67 2c 20 4b 72 69 73 |s Hartne|gg, Kris|
|00002dd0| 20 48 65 69 64 65 6e 73 | 74 72 6f 6d 2c 20 54 6f | Heidens|trom, To|
|00002de0| 6d 20 48 61 61 70 61 6e | 65 6e 2c 20 4a 6f 65 6c |m Haapan|en, Joel|
|00002df0| 20 48 6f 66 66 6d 61 6e | 2c 20 41 72 69 0a 20 20 | Hoffman|, Ari. |
|00002e00| 20 20 48 6f 76 69 6c 61 | 2c 20 43 68 69 6e 20 48 | Hovila|, Chin H|
|00002e10| 75 61 6e 67 2c 20 4a 6f | 65 20 48 75 66 66 6d 61 |uang, Jo|e Huffma|
|00002e20| 6e 2c 20 4d 69 63 68 61 | 65 6c 20 48 6f 6c 69 6e |n, Micha|el Holin|
|00002e30| 2c 20 4d 69 6b 65 20 49 | 61 72 72 6f 62 69 6e 6f |, Mike I|arrobino|
|00002e40| 2c 0a 20 20 20 20 42 79 | 72 69 61 6c 20 4a 65 6e |,. By|rial Jen|
|00002e50| 73 65 6e 2c 20 52 75 6e | 65 20 4a 6f 72 67 65 6e |sen, Run|e Jorgen|
|00002e60| 73 65 6e 2c 20 41 6a 61 | 79 20 4b 61 6d 64 61 72 |sen, Aja|y Kamdar|
|00002e70| 2c 20 45 76 65 72 65 74 | 74 20 4b 61 73 65 72 2c |, Everet|t Kaser,|
|00002e80| 20 4a 65 66 66 0a 20 20 | 20 20 4b 65 6c 6c 61 6d | Jeff. | Kellam|
|00002e90| 2c 20 4a 65 6e 20 4b 69 | 6c 6d 65 72 2c 20 52 65 |, Jen Ki|lmer, Re|
|00002ea0| 69 6e 68 61 72 64 20 4b | 69 72 63 68 6e 65 72 2c |inhard K|irchner,|
|00002eb0| 20 44 61 76 65 20 4b 69 | 72 73 63 68 2c 20 43 68 | Dave Ki|rsch, Ch|
|00002ec0| 61 64 20 4b 6e 75 64 73 | 65 6e 2c 0a 20 20 20 20 |ad Knuds|en,. |
|00002ed0| 53 61 6d 75 65 6c 20 4b | 6f 2c 20 4a 61 6e 6e 65 |Samuel K|o, Janne|
|00002ee0| 20 4b 75 6b 6f 6e 6c 65 | 68 74 6f 2c 20 42 65 6e | Kukonle|hto, Ben|
|00002ef0| 6a 61 6d 69 6e 20 4c 65 | 65 2c 20 53 74 65 70 68 |jamin Le|e, Steph|
|00002f00| 65 6e 20 4c 65 65 2c 20 | 4a 69 6d 20 4c 79 6e 63 |en Lee, |Jim Lync|
|00002f10| 68 2c 0a 20 20 20 20 47 | 72 65 67 20 4d 61 6c 6b |h,. G|reg Malk|
|00002f20| 6e 65 63 68 74 2c 20 53 | 69 64 6e 65 79 20 4d 61 |necht, S|idney Ma|
|00002f30| 72 6b 6f 77 69 74 7a 2c | 20 4a 69 6d 20 4d 61 72 |rkowitz,| Jim Mar|
|00002f40| 6b 73 2c 20 44 69 6d 69 | 74 72 69 20 4d 61 74 7a |ks, Dimi|tri Matz|
|00002f50| 61 72 61 6b 69 73 2c 0a | 20 20 20 20 46 72 65 64 |arakis,.| Fred|
|00002f60| 20 4d 63 43 61 6c 6c 2c | 20 4b 65 6e 20 4d 63 4b | McCall,| Ken McK|
|00002f70| 65 65 2c 20 44 6f 75 67 | 20 4d 65 72 72 65 74 74 |ee, Doug| Merrett|
|00002f80| 2c 20 54 6f 6d 20 4d 69 | 6c 6e 65 72 2c 20 42 69 |, Tom Mi|lner, Bi|
|00002f90| 6c 6c 20 4d 6f 6f 72 65 | 2c 20 44 75 6e 63 61 6e |ll Moore|, Duncan|
|00002fa0| 0a 20 20 20 20 4d 75 72 | 64 6f 63 68 2c 20 53 74 |. Mur|doch, St|
|00002fb0| 65 76 65 20 4d 75 72 70 | 68 79 2c 20 44 61 6e 69 |eve Murp|hy, Dani|
|00002fc0| 65 6c 20 4e 65 72 69 2c | 20 4d 65 72 74 20 4e 69 |el Neri,| Mert Ni|
|00002fd0| 63 6b 65 72 73 6f 6e 2c | 20 44 61 76 69 64 20 4e |ckerson,| David N|
|00002fe0| 75 67 65 6e 74 2c 0a 20 | 20 20 20 4a 6f 68 6e 20 |ugent,. | John |
|00002ff0| 4f 6c 64 65 6e 62 75 72 | 67 2c 20 44 61 76 69 64 |Oldenbur|g, David|
|00003000| 20 50 61 70 65 2c 20 4b | 65 69 74 68 20 50 65 74 | Pape, K|eith Pet|
|00003010| 65 72 73 65 6e 2c 20 4b | 61 72 6c 20 52 69 65 64 |ersen, K|arl Ried|
|00003020| 6c 69 6e 67 2c 20 41 72 | 74 68 75 72 0a 20 20 20 |ling, Ar|thur. |
|00003030| 20 52 75 62 69 6e 2c 20 | 47 65 72 61 6c 64 20 52 | Rubin, |Gerald R|
|00003040| 75 64 65 72 6d 61 6e 2c | 20 54 69 6d 6f 20 53 61 |uderman,| Timo Sa|
|00003050| 6c 6d 69 2c 20 54 61 70 | 69 6f 20 53 61 6e 64 2c |lmi, Tap|io Sand,|
|00003060| 20 4a 6f 68 6e 20 53 63 | 68 6d 69 64 2c 20 52 75 | John Sc|hmid, Ru|
|00003070| 73 73 65 6c 6c 0a 20 20 | 20 20 53 63 68 75 6c 7a |ssell. | Schulz|
|00003080| 2c 20 48 75 73 65 79 69 | 6e 20 53 65 76 61 79 2c |, Huseyi|n Sevay,|
|00003090| 20 41 6a 61 79 20 53 68 | 61 68 2c 20 42 6f 62 20 | Ajay Sh|ah, Bob |
|000030a0| 53 6d 69 74 68 2c 20 53 | 65 61 6e 20 53 75 6c 6c |Smith, S|ean Sull|
|000030b0| 69 76 61 6e 2c 20 53 74 | 65 76 65 0a 20 20 20 20 |ivan, St|eve. |
|000030c0| 53 75 6d 6d 69 74 2c 20 | 54 6f 6d 20 53 77 69 6e |Summit, |Tom Swin|
|000030d0| 67 6c 65 2c 20 41 6e 64 | 65 72 73 20 54 68 75 6c |gle, And|ers Thul|
|000030e0| 69 6e 2c 20 43 75 72 74 | 20 54 69 6c 6d 65 73 2c |in, Curt| Tilmes,|
|000030f0| 20 52 69 63 6b 20 57 61 | 74 6b 69 6e 73 2c 0a 20 | Rick Wa|tkins,. |
|00003100| 20 20 20 59 61 2d 47 75 | 69 20 57 65 69 2c 20 4a | Ya-Gu|i Wei, J|
|00003110| 6f 65 20 57 65 6c 6c 73 | 2c 20 53 63 6f 74 74 20 |oe Wells|, Scott |
|00003120| 57 69 6e 64 65 72 2c 20 | 47 72 65 67 6f 72 79 20 |Winder, |Gregory |
|00003130| 59 6f 75 6e 67 62 6c 6f | 6f 64 2c 0a 20 20 20 20 |Youngblo|od,. |
|00003140| 6b 68 69 6c 6c 40 76 61 | 78 31 2e 75 6d 6b 63 2e |khill@va|x1.umkc.|
|00003150| 65 64 75 0a 0a 20 20 20 | 20 4e 65 77 20 63 6f 6e |edu.. | New con|
|00003160| 74 72 69 62 75 74 6f 72 | 3a 20 44 27 41 72 63 79 |tributor|: D'Arcy|
|00003170| 20 4a 2e 4d 2e 20 43 61 | 69 6e 2c 20 4a 61 6e 6e | J.M. Ca|in, Jann|
|00003180| 65 20 4b 75 6b 6f 6e 6c | 65 68 74 6f 2c 20 53 65 |e Kukonl|ehto, Se|
|00003190| 61 6e 20 53 75 6c 6c 69 | 76 61 6e 0a 0a 53 75 62 |an Sulli|van..Sub|
|000031a0| 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 20 30 | 30 35 2e 20 41 72 65 20 |ject: 0|05. Are |
|000031b0| 74 68 65 20 61 6e 73 77 | 65 72 73 20 67 75 61 72 |the answ|ers guar|
|000031c0| 61 6e 74 65 65 64 20 63 | 6f 72 72 65 63 74 20 61 |anteed c|orrect a|
|000031d0| 6e 64 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c | 65 74 65 3f 20 28 72 65 |nd compl|ete? (re|
|000031e0| 76 3a 20 32 30 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |v: 20. | |
|000031f0| 20 20 20 20 20 4d 61 72 | 20 31 39 39 34 29 0a 0a | Mar| 1994)..|
|00003200| 20 20 20 20 49 27 76 65 | 20 74 72 69 65 64 20 74 | I've| tried t|
|00003210| 6f 20 63 68 65 63 6b 20 | 61 6c 6c 20 66 61 63 74 |o check |all fact|
|00003220| 73 2c 20 62 75 74 20 54 | 48 45 52 45 20 49 53 20 |s, but T|HERE IS |
|00003230| 4e 4f 20 57 41 52 52 41 | 4e 54 59 20 4f 4e 20 54 |NO WARRA|NTY ON T|
|00003240| 48 45 20 43 4f 44 45 0a | 20 20 20 20 4f 52 20 4f |HE CODE.| OR O|
|00003250| 4e 20 54 48 45 20 54 45 | 43 48 4e 49 51 55 45 53 |N THE TE|CHNIQUES|
|00003260| 20 44 45 53 43 52 49 42 | 45 44 20 48 45 52 45 49 | DESCRIB|ED HEREI|
|00003270| 4e 2e 20 20 50 6c 65 61 | 73 65 20 73 65 6e 64 20 |N. Plea|se send |
|00003280| 63 6f 72 72 65 63 74 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 74 6f 0a 20 |correcti|ons to. |
|00003290| 20 20 20 62 72 6f 77 6e | 40 6e 63 6f 61 73 74 2e | brown|@ncoast.|
|000032a0| 6f 72 67 2e 20 20 41 6c | 6c 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f |org. Al|l the co|
|000032b0| 64 65 20 68 61 73 20 62 | 65 65 6e 20 74 65 73 74 |de has b|een test|
|000032c0| 65 64 3b 20 62 75 74 20 | 74 68 65 20 74 65 73 74 |ed; but |the test|
|000032d0| 69 6e 67 20 6d 61 79 0a | 20 20 20 20 6e 6f 74 20 |ing may.| not |
|000032e0| 68 61 76 65 20 62 65 65 | 6e 20 70 65 72 66 65 63 |have bee|n perfec|
|000032f0| 74 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 6d | 61 63 68 69 6e 65 73 20 |t, and m|achines |
|00003300| 61 6e 64 20 63 6f 6e 66 | 69 67 75 72 61 74 69 6f |and conf|iguratio|
|00003310| 6e 73 20 76 61 72 79 2e | 0a 20 20 20 20 28 45 78 |ns vary.|. (Ex|
|00003320| 63 65 70 74 20 77 68 65 | 72 65 20 6f 74 68 65 72 |cept whe|re other|
|00003330| 77 69 73 65 20 6e 6f 74 | 65 64 2c 20 43 20 63 6f |wise not|ed, C co|
|00003340| 64 65 20 77 61 73 20 74 | 65 73 74 65 64 20 77 69 |de was t|ested wi|
|00003350| 74 68 20 62 6f 74 68 20 | 42 43 2b 2b 20 32 2e 30 |th both |BC++ 2.0|
|00003360| 0a 20 20 20 20 61 6e 64 | 20 4d 53 43 20 35 2e 30 |. and| MSC 5.0|
|00003370| 2e 29 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 | 54 68 65 20 6d 65 6e 74 |.).. |The ment|
|00003380| 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 70 | 61 72 74 69 63 75 6c 61 |ion of p|articula|
|00003390| 72 20 62 6f 6f 6b 73 20 | 6f 72 20 70 72 6f 67 72 |r books |or progr|
|000033a0| 61 6d 73 20 6d 75 73 74 | 20 6e 6f 74 20 62 65 20 |ams must| not be |
|000033b0| 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 75 65 | 64 20 74 6f 0a 20 20 20 |construe|d to. |
|000033c0| 20 72 65 66 6c 65 63 74 | 20 75 6e 66 61 76 6f 72 | reflect| unfavor|
|000033d0| 61 62 6c 79 20 6f 6e 20 | 61 6e 79 20 74 68 61 74 |ably on |any that|
|000033e0| 20 61 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 6d 65 6e 74 69 6f 6e | are not| mention|
|000033f0| 65 64 2e 0a 0a 0a 73 65 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 31 2e |ed....se|ction 1.|
|00003400| 20 47 65 6e 65 72 61 6c | 20 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f | General| questio|
|00003410| 6e 73 0a 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |ns.=====|========|
|00003420| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 0a |========|=======.|
|00003430| 0a 53 75 62 6a 65 63 74 | 3a 20 20 31 30 31 2e 20 |.Subject|: 101. |
|00003440| 57 68 79 20 77 6f 6e 27 | 74 20 6d 79 20 63 6f 64 |Why won'|t my cod|
|00003450| 65 20 77 6f 72 6b 3f 0a | 0a 20 20 20 20 46 69 72 |e work?.|. Fir|
|00003460| 73 74 20 79 6f 75 20 6e | 65 65 64 20 74 6f 20 74 |st you n|eed to t|
|00003470| 72 79 20 74 6f 20 64 65 | 74 65 72 6d 69 6e 65 20 |ry to de|termine |
|00003480| 77 68 65 74 68 65 72 20 | 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 62 |whether |the prob|
|00003490| 6c 65 6d 20 69 73 20 69 | 6e 20 79 6f 75 72 0a 20 |lem is i|n your. |
|000034a0| 20 20 20 75 73 65 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 | use o|f the pr|
|000034b0| 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 69 6e | 67 20 6c 61 6e 67 75 61 |ogrammin|g langua|
|000034c0| 67 65 20 6f 72 20 69 6e | 20 79 6f 75 72 20 75 73 |ge or in| your us|
|000034d0| 65 20 6f 66 20 4d 53 2d | 44 4f 53 20 61 6e 64 20 |e of MS-|DOS and |
|000034e0| 79 6f 75 72 20 50 43 0a | 20 20 20 20 68 61 72 64 |your PC.| hard|
|000034f0| 77 61 72 65 2e 20 20 28 | 59 6f 75 72 20 6d 61 6e |ware. (|Your man|
|00003500| 75 61 6c 20 73 68 6f 75 | 6c 64 20 74 65 6c 6c 20 |ual shou|ld tell |
|00003510| 79 6f 75 20 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 66 65 61 74 75 72 |you whic|h featur|
|00003520| 65 73 20 61 72 65 20 73 | 74 61 6e 64 61 72 64 0a |es are s|tandard.|
|00003530| 20 20 20 20 61 6e 64 20 | 77 68 69 63 68 20 61 72 | and |which ar|
|00003540| 65 20 76 65 6e 64 6f 72 | 2d 20 6f 72 20 4d 53 2d |e vendor|- or MS-|
|00003550| 44 4f 53 2d 20 6f 72 20 | 50 43 2d 73 70 65 63 69 |DOS- or |PC-speci|
|00003560| 66 69 63 2e 20 20 59 6f | 75 20 5f 68 61 76 65 5f |fic. Yo|u _have_|
|00003570| 20 72 65 61 64 0a 20 20 | 20 20 79 6f 75 72 20 6d | read. | your m|
|00003580| 61 6e 75 61 6c 20 63 61 | 72 65 66 75 6c 6c 79 2c |anual ca|refully,|
|00003590| 20 68 61 76 65 6e 27 74 | 20 79 6f 75 3f 29 0a 0a | haven't| you?)..|
|000035a0| 20 20 20 20 49 66 20 74 | 68 65 20 66 65 61 74 75 | If t|he featu|
|000035b0| 72 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 73 65 65 6d 73 20 74 6f |re that |seems to|
|000035c0| 20 62 65 20 77 6f 72 6b | 69 6e 67 20 77 72 6f 6e | be work|ing wron|
|000035d0| 67 20 69 73 20 73 6f 6d | 65 74 68 69 6e 67 20 72 |g is som|ething r|
|000035e0| 65 6c 61 74 65 64 0a 20 | 20 20 20 74 6f 20 79 6f |elated. | to yo|
|000035f0| 75 72 20 50 43 20 68 61 | 72 64 77 61 72 65 20 6f |ur PC ha|rdware o|
|00003600| 72 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 | 20 69 6e 74 65 72 6e 61 |r to the| interna|
|00003610| 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 4d 53 | 2d 44 4f 53 2c 20 74 68 |ls of MS|-DOS, th|
|00003620| 69 73 20 67 72 6f 75 70 | 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 0a |is group| is the.|
|00003630| 20 20 20 20 72 69 67 68 | 74 20 70 6c 61 63 65 20 | righ|t place |
|00003640| 74 6f 20 61 73 6b 2e 20 | 20 28 50 6c 65 61 73 65 |to ask. | (Please|
|00003650| 20 63 68 65 63 6b 20 74 | 68 69 73 20 46 41 51 20 | check t|his FAQ |
|00003660| 6c 69 73 74 20 66 69 72 | 73 74 2c 20 74 6f 20 6d |list fir|st, to m|
|00003670| 61 6b 65 20 73 75 72 65 | 0a 20 20 20 20 79 6f 75 |ake sure|. you|
|00003680| 72 20 71 75 65 73 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 69 73 6e 27 74 |r questi|on isn't|
|00003690| 20 61 6c 72 65 61 64 79 | 20 61 6e 73 77 65 72 65 | already| answere|
|000036a0| 64 20 68 65 72 65 2e 29 | 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 4f 6e |d here.)|.. On|
|000036b0| 20 74 68 65 20 6f 74 68 | 65 72 20 68 61 6e 64 2c | the oth|er hand,|
|000036c0| 20 69 66 20 79 6f 75 72 | 20 70 72 6f 62 6c 65 6d | if your| problem|
|000036d0| 20 69 73 20 77 69 74 68 | 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f | is with| the pro|
|000036e0| 67 72 61 6d 6d 69 6e 67 | 20 6c 61 6e 67 75 61 67 |gramming| languag|
|000036f0| 65 2c 0a 20 20 20 20 74 | 68 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e |e,. t|he comp.|
|00003700| 6c 61 6e 67 20 68 69 65 | 72 61 72 63 68 79 20 28 |lang hie|rarchy (|
|00003710| 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 69 6e | 67 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e 6c |includin|g comp.l|
|00003720| 61 6e 67 2e 70 61 73 63 | 61 6c 20 61 6e 64 20 63 |ang.pasc|al and c|
|00003730| 6f 6d 70 2e 6c 61 6e 67 | 2e 63 29 0a 20 20 20 20 |omp.lang|.c). |
|00003740| 69 73 20 70 72 6f 62 61 | 62 6c 79 20 61 20 62 65 |is proba|bly a be|
|00003750| 74 74 65 72 20 72 65 73 | 6f 75 72 63 65 2e 20 20 |tter res|ource. |
|00003760| 50 6c 65 61 73 65 20 72 | 65 61 64 20 74 68 65 20 |Please r|ead the |
|00003770| 6f 74 68 65 72 20 67 72 | 6f 75 70 27 73 20 46 41 |other gr|oup's FA|
|00003780| 51 0a 20 20 20 20 6c 69 | 73 74 20 74 68 6f 72 6f |Q. li|st thoro|
|00003790| 75 67 68 6c 79 20 62 65 | 66 6f 72 65 20 70 6f 73 |ughly be|fore pos|
|000037a0| 74 69 6e 67 2e 20 20 28 | 54 68 65 73 65 20 65 78 |ting. (|These ex|
|000037b0| 69 73 74 20 69 6e 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 2e 6c 61 6e 67 |ist in c|omp.lang|
|000037c0| 2e 63 2c 0a 20 20 20 20 | 63 6f 6d 70 2e 6c 61 6e |.c,. |comp.lan|
|000037d0| 67 2e 63 2b 2b 2c 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 2e 6c 61 6e 67 |g.c++, c|omp.lang|
|000037e0| 2e 6d 6f 64 75 6c 61 33 | 2c 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e 6c |.modula3|, comp.l|
|000037f0| 61 6e 67 2e 6c 69 73 70 | 2c 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e 6c |ang.lisp|, comp.l|
|00003800| 61 6e 67 2e 70 65 72 6c | 3b 0a 20 20 20 20 74 68 |ang.perl|;. th|
|00003810| 65 79 20 6d 61 79 20 65 | 78 69 73 74 20 69 6e 20 |ey may e|xist in |
|00003820| 6f 74 68 65 72 20 67 72 | 6f 75 70 73 20 61 73 20 |other gr|oups as |
|00003830| 77 65 6c 6c 2e 29 20 20 | 49 74 27 73 20 61 6c 6d |well.) |It's alm|
|00003840| 6f 73 74 20 6e 65 76 65 | 72 20 61 20 67 6f 6f 64 |ost neve|r a good|
|00003850| 0a 20 20 20 20 69 64 65 | 61 20 74 6f 20 63 72 6f |. ide|a to cro|
|00003860| 73 73 70 6f 73 74 20 62 | 65 74 77 65 65 6e 20 63 |sspost b|etween c|
|00003870| 6f 6d 70 2e 6f 73 2e 6d | 73 64 6f 73 2e 70 72 6f |omp.os.m|sdos.pro|
|00003880| 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 20 | 61 6e 64 20 61 20 6c 61 |grammer |and a la|
|00003890| 6e 67 75 61 67 65 0a 20 | 20 20 20 67 72 6f 75 70 |nguage. | group|
|000038a0| 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 42 | 65 66 6f 72 65 20 70 6f |... B|efore po|
|000038b0| 73 74 69 6e 67 20 69 6e | 20 65 69 74 68 65 72 20 |sting in| either |
|000038c0| 70 6c 61 63 65 2c 20 74 | 72 79 20 74 6f 20 6d 61 |place, t|ry to ma|
|000038d0| 6b 65 20 79 6f 75 72 20 | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 |ke your |program |
|000038e0| 61 73 20 73 6d 61 6c 6c | 20 61 73 0a 20 20 20 20 |as small| as. |
|000038f0| 70 6f 73 73 69 62 6c 65 | 20 77 68 69 6c 65 20 73 |possible| while s|
|00003900| 74 69 6c 6c 20 65 78 68 | 69 62 69 74 69 6e 67 20 |till exh|ibiting |
|00003910| 74 68 65 20 62 61 64 20 | 62 65 68 61 76 69 6f 72 |the bad |behavior|
|00003920| 2e 20 20 53 6f 6d 65 74 | 69 6d 65 73 20 74 68 69 |. Somet|imes thi|
|00003930| 73 0a 20 20 20 20 61 6c | 6f 6e 65 20 69 73 20 65 |s. al|one is e|
|00003940| 6e 6f 75 67 68 20 74 6f | 20 73 68 6f 77 20 79 6f |nough to| show yo|
|00003950| 75 20 77 68 65 72 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 74 72 6f 75 |u where |the trou|
|00003960| 62 6c 65 20 69 73 2e 20 | 20 41 6c 73 6f 20 65 64 |ble is. | Also ed|
|00003970| 69 74 20 79 6f 75 72 0a | 20 20 20 20 64 65 73 63 |it your.| desc|
|00003980| 72 69 70 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 70 |ription |of the p|
|00003990| 72 6f 62 6c 65 6d 20 74 | 6f 20 62 65 20 61 73 20 |roblem t|o be as |
|000039a0| 73 68 6f 72 74 20 61 73 | 20 70 6f 73 73 69 62 6c |short as| possibl|
|000039b0| 65 2e 20 20 54 68 69 73 | 20 6d 61 6b 65 73 0a 20 |e. This| makes. |
|000039c0| 20 20 20 69 74 20 6c 6f | 6f 6b 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 | it lo|ok more |
|000039d0| 6c 69 6b 65 20 79 6f 75 | 20 74 72 69 65 64 20 74 |like you| tried t|
|000039e0| 6f 20 73 6f 6c 76 65 20 | 74 68 65 20 70 72 6f 62 |o solve |the prob|
|000039f0| 6c 65 6d 20 6f 6e 20 79 | 6f 75 72 20 6f 77 6e 2c |lem on y|our own,|
|00003a00| 20 61 6e 64 0a 20 20 20 | 20 6d 61 6b 65 73 20 70 | and. | makes p|
|00003a10| 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 6d 6f | 72 65 20 69 6e 63 6c 69 |eople mo|re incli|
|00003a20| 6e 65 64 20 74 6f 20 74 | 72 79 20 74 6f 20 68 65 |ned to t|ry to he|
|00003a30| 6c 70 20 79 6f 75 2e 20 | 20 53 65 65 20 61 6c 73 |lp you. | See als|
|00003a40| 6f 20 22 31 30 36 2e 0a | 20 20 20 20 57 68 61 74 |o "106..| What|
|00003a50| 27 73 20 74 68 69 73 20 | 22 6e 65 74 69 71 75 65 |'s this |"netique|
|00003a60| 74 74 65 22 3f 22 0a 0a | 53 75 62 6a 65 63 74 3a |tte"?"..|Subject:|
|00003a70| 20 20 31 30 32 2e 20 57 | 68 61 74 20 69 73 20 74 | 102. W|hat is t|
|00003a80| 68 69 73 20 6e 65 77 73 | 67 72 6f 75 70 20 61 62 |his news|group ab|
|00003a90| 6f 75 74 3f 20 28 72 65 | 76 3a 20 31 31 20 53 65 |out? (re|v: 11 Se|
|00003aa0| 70 20 31 39 39 33 29 0a | 0a 20 20 20 20 63 6f 6d |p 1993).|. com|
|00003ab0| 70 2e 6f 73 2e 6d 73 64 | 6f 73 2e 70 72 6f 67 72 |p.os.msd|os.progr|
|00003ac0| 61 6d 6d 65 72 20 28 63 | 6f 6d 70 2e 73 79 73 2e |ammer (c|omp.sys.|
|00003ad0| 69 62 6d 2e 70 63 2e 70 | 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 |ibm.pc.p|rogramme|
|00003ae0| 72 20 75 6e 74 69 6c 20 | 53 65 70 74 65 6d 62 65 |r until |Septembe|
|00003af0| 72 0a 20 20 20 20 31 39 | 39 30 29 20 63 6f 6e 63 |r. 19|90) conc|
|00003b00| 65 72 6e 73 20 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 6d 69 6e 67 |erns pro|gramming|
|00003b10| 20 66 6f 72 20 4d 53 2d | 44 4f 53 20 73 79 73 74 | for MS-|DOS syst|
|00003b20| 65 6d 73 2e 20 20 54 68 | 65 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c |ems. Th|e articl|
|00003b30| 65 20 22 55 53 45 4e 45 | 54 0a 20 20 20 20 52 65 |e "USENE|T. Re|
|00003b40| 61 64 65 72 73 68 69 70 | 20 72 65 70 6f 72 74 20 |adership| report |
|00003b50| 66 6f 72 20 41 75 67 20 | 39 33 22 20 69 6e 20 6e |for Aug |93" in n|
|00003b60| 65 77 73 2e 6c 69 73 74 | 73 20 73 68 6f 77 73 20 |ews.list|s shows |
|00003b70| 37 38 2c 30 30 30 20 72 | 65 61 64 65 72 73 20 6f |78,000 r|eaders o|
|00003b80| 66 0a 20 20 20 20 74 68 | 69 73 20 6e 65 77 73 67 |f. th|is newsg|
|00003b90| 72 6f 75 70 20 77 6f 72 | 6c 64 77 69 64 65 2e 20 |roup wor|ldwide. |
|00003ba0| 20 54 72 61 66 66 69 63 | 20 28 65 78 63 6c 75 73 | Traffic| (exclus|
|00003bb0| 69 76 65 20 6f 66 20 63 | 72 6f 73 73 70 6f 73 74 |ive of c|rosspost|
|00003bc0| 73 29 20 77 61 73 20 38 | 31 33 0a 20 20 20 20 61 |s) was 8|13. a|
|00003bd0| 72 74 69 63 6c 65 73 20 | 61 67 67 72 65 67 61 74 |rticles |aggregat|
|00003be0| 69 6e 67 20 31 36 30 34 | 20 4b 62 79 74 65 73 2e |ing 1604| Kbytes.|
|00003bf0| 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 4d 75 | 63 68 20 6f 66 20 6f 75 |.. Mu|ch of ou|
|00003c00| 72 20 74 72 61 66 66 69 | 63 20 69 73 20 61 62 6f |r traffi|c is abo|
|00003c10| 75 74 20 6c 61 6e 67 75 | 61 67 65 20 70 72 6f 64 |ut langu|age prod|
|00003c20| 75 63 74 73 20 28 63 68 | 69 65 66 6c 79 20 66 72 |ucts (ch|iefly fr|
|00003c30| 6f 6d 20 42 6f 72 6c 61 | 6e 64 0a 20 20 20 20 61 |om Borla|nd. a|
|00003c40| 6e 64 20 4d 69 63 72 6f | 73 6f 66 74 29 2e 20 20 |nd Micro|soft). |
|00003c50| 4d 6f 72 65 20 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 6d 69 6e 67 |More pro|gramming|
|00003c60| 20 74 6f 70 69 63 73 20 | 66 6f 63 75 73 20 6f 6e | topics |focus on|
|00003c70| 20 43 20 74 68 61 6e 20 | 6f 6e 20 61 6e 79 20 6f | C than |on any o|
|00003c80| 6e 65 0a 20 20 20 20 6f | 74 68 65 72 20 6c 61 6e |ne. o|ther lan|
|00003c90| 67 75 61 67 65 2c 20 62 | 75 74 20 77 65 20 61 72 |guage, b|ut we ar|
|00003ca0| 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 6a 75 | 73 74 20 66 6f 72 20 43 |e not ju|st for C|
|00003cb0| 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d | 6d 65 72 73 20 28 73 65 | program|mers (se|
|00003cc0| 65 20 22 31 30 33 2e 20 | 49 73 0a 20 20 20 20 63 |e "103. |Is. c|
|00003cd0| 6f 6d 70 2e 6f 73 2e 6d | 73 64 6f 73 2e 70 72 6f |omp.os.m|sdos.pro|
|00003ce0| 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 20 | 6a 75 73 74 20 66 6f 72 |grammer |just for|
|00003cf0| 20 43 20 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 6d 65 72 73 3f 22 | C progr|ammers?"|
|00003d00| 29 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 | 53 69 6e 63 65 20 6d 6f |)... |Since mo|
|00003d10| 73 74 20 4d 53 2d 44 4f | 53 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d |st MS-DO|S system|
|00003d20| 73 20 72 75 6e 20 6f 6e | 20 68 61 72 64 77 61 72 |s run on| hardwar|
|00003d30| 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 | 73 20 72 6f 75 67 68 6c |e that i|s roughl|
|00003d40| 79 20 63 6f 6d 70 61 74 | 69 62 6c 65 0a 20 20 20 |y compat|ible. |
|00003d50| 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 | 65 20 49 42 4d 20 50 43 | with th|e IBM PC|
|00003d60| 2c 20 6f 6e 20 49 6e 74 | 65 6c 20 38 30 38 38 2c |, on Int|el 8088,|
|00003d70| 20 38 30 31 38 38 2c 20 | 6f 72 20 38 30 78 38 36 | 80188, |or 80x86|
|00003d80| 20 63 68 69 70 73 2c 20 | 77 65 20 74 65 6e 64 20 | chips, |we tend |
|00003d90| 74 6f 0a 20 20 20 20 67 | 65 74 20 61 20 6c 6f 74 |to. g|et a lot|
|00003da0| 20 6f 66 20 71 75 65 73 | 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 6e | of ques|tions an|
|00003db0| 64 20 61 6e 73 77 65 72 | 73 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 |d answer|s about |
|00003dc0| 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d | 69 6e 67 20 6f 74 68 65 |programm|ing othe|
|00003dd0| 72 20 70 61 72 74 73 20 | 6f 66 0a 20 20 20 20 74 |r parts |of. t|
|00003de0| 68 65 20 68 61 72 64 77 | 61 72 65 2e 0a 0a 53 75 |he hardw|are...Su|
|00003df0| 62 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 20 | 31 30 33 2e 20 49 73 20 |bject: |103. Is |
|00003e00| 63 6f 6d 70 2e 6f 73 2e | 6d 73 64 6f 73 2e 70 72 |comp.os.|msdos.pr|
|00003e10| 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 | 20 6a 75 73 74 20 66 6f |ogrammer| just fo|
|00003e20| 72 20 43 20 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 73 3f |r C prog|rammers?|
|00003e30| 20 28 72 65 76 3a 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | (rev:. | |
|00003e40| 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 30 | 20 4d 61 72 20 31 39 39 | 20| Mar 199|
|00003e50| 34 29 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 | 4e 6f 2c 20 69 74 20 69 |4).. |No, it i|
|00003e60| 73 20 66 6f 72 20 61 6c | 6c 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 |s for al|l progra|
|00003e70| 6d 6d 65 72 73 20 77 68 | 6f 20 77 61 6e 74 20 74 |mmers wh|o want t|
|00003e80| 6f 20 73 68 61 72 65 20 | 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 |o share |informat|
|00003e90| 69 6f 6e 20 61 62 6f 75 | 74 0a 20 20 20 20 70 72 |ion abou|t. pr|
|00003ea0| 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 69 6e | 67 20 69 6e 20 4d 53 2d |ogrammin|g in MS-|
|00003eb0| 44 4f 53 20 61 6e 64 20 | 44 4f 53 20 72 65 70 6c |DOS and |DOS repl|
|00003ec0| 61 63 65 6d 65 6e 74 73 | 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 34 44 |acements| like 4D|
|00003ed0| 4f 53 2e 20 20 50 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 73 20 61 6e |OS. Pro|grams an|
|00003ee0| 64 0a 20 20 20 20 71 75 | 65 73 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 |d. qu|estions |
|00003ef0| 61 72 65 20 61 6c 73 6f | 20 70 6f 73 74 65 64 20 |are also| posted |
|00003f00| 69 6e 20 50 61 73 63 61 | 6c 2c 20 61 73 73 65 6d |in Pasca|l, assem|
|00003f10| 62 6c 79 2c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 6c |bly, and| other l|
|00003f20| 61 6e 67 75 61 67 65 73 | 0a 20 20 20 20 28 69 6e |anguages|. (in|
|00003f30| 63 6c 75 64 69 6e 67 20 | 4d 53 2d 44 4f 53 20 62 |cluding |MS-DOS b|
|00003f40| 61 74 63 68 20 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 6d 69 6e 67 |atch pro|gramming|
|00003f50| 2e 29 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 | 57 68 79 20 64 6f 65 73 |.).. |Why does|
|00003f60| 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 77 | 73 67 72 6f 75 70 20 73 | the new|sgroup s|
|00003f70| 65 65 6d 20 74 6f 20 62 | 65 20 73 6f 20 43 2d 6f |eem to b|e so C-o|
|00003f80| 72 69 65 6e 74 65 64 20 | 73 6f 6d 65 74 69 6d 65 |riented |sometime|
|00003f90| 73 3f 20 20 54 68 65 72 | 65 0a 20 20 20 20 61 72 |s? Ther|e. ar|
|00003fa0| 65 20 74 77 6f 20 72 65 | 61 73 6f 6e 73 2e 20 20 |e two re|asons. |
|00003fb0| 46 69 72 73 74 2c 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 2e 6c 61 6e 67 |First, c|omp.lang|
|00003fc0| 2e 63 20 61 6e 64 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 2e 6c 61 6e 67 |.c and c|omp.lang|
|00003fd0| 2e 70 61 73 63 61 6c 20 | 68 61 76 65 0a 20 20 20 |.pascal |have. |
|00003fe0| 20 65 76 6f 6c 76 65 64 | 20 69 6e 20 64 69 66 66 | evolved| in diff|
|00003ff0| 65 72 65 6e 74 20 64 69 | 72 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 |erent di|rections|
|00004000| 2e 20 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e | 6c 61 6e 67 2e 70 61 73 |. comp.|lang.pas|
|00004010| 63 61 6c 20 77 65 6c 63 | 6f 6d 65 73 20 76 65 6e |cal welc|omes ven|
|00004020| 64 6f 72 2d 0a 20 20 20 | 20 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 |dor-. | specifi|
|00004030| 63 20 64 69 73 63 75 73 | 73 69 6f 6e 2c 20 73 75 |c discus|sion, su|
|00004040| 63 68 20 61 73 20 54 75 | 72 62 6f 20 50 61 73 63 |ch as Tu|rbo Pasc|
|00004050| 61 6c 2e 20 20 53 69 6e | 63 65 20 73 6f 20 6d 61 |al. Sin|ce so ma|
|00004060| 6e 79 20 6f 66 20 54 50 | 27 73 0a 20 20 20 20 66 |ny of TP|'s. f|
|00004070| 65 61 74 75 72 65 73 20 | 61 72 65 20 74 61 69 6c |eatures |are tail|
|00004080| 6f 72 65 64 20 74 6f 20 | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d |ored to |programm|
|00004090| 69 6e 67 20 6f 6e 20 50 | 43 73 20 61 6e 64 20 69 |ing on P|Cs and i|
|000040a0| 6e 20 4d 53 2d 44 4f 53 | 2c 20 54 75 72 62 6f 0a |n MS-DOS|, Turbo.|
|000040b0| 20 20 20 20 50 61 73 63 | 61 6c 20 70 72 6f 67 72 | Pasc|al progr|
|000040c0| 61 6d 6d 65 72 73 20 74 | 65 6e 64 20 74 6f 20 66 |ammers t|end to f|
|000040d0| 69 6e 64 20 44 4f 53 20 | 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e |ind DOS |question|
|000040e0| 73 20 77 65 6c 63 6f 6d | 65 64 20 74 68 65 72 65 |s welcom|ed there|
|000040f0| 2c 20 73 6f 0a 20 20 20 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 63 6f |, so. | that co|
|00004100| 6d 70 2e 6f 73 2e 6d 73 | 64 6f 73 2e 70 72 6f 67 |mp.os.ms|dos.prog|
|00004110| 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 20 67 | 65 74 73 20 6c 65 73 73 |rammer g|ets less|
|00004120| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | 22 44 4f 53 20 69 6e 20 | of the |"DOS in |
|00004130| 54 75 72 62 6f 20 50 61 | 73 63 61 6c 22 0a 20 20 |Turbo Pa|scal". |
|00004140| 20 20 74 72 61 66 66 69 | 63 2e 20 20 4f 6e 20 74 | traffi|c. On t|
|00004150| 68 65 20 6f 74 68 65 72 | 20 68 61 6e 64 2c 20 63 |he other| hand, c|
|00004160| 6f 6d 70 2e 6c 61 6e 67 | 2e 63 20 68 61 73 20 73 |omp.lang|.c has s|
|00004170| 74 61 79 65 64 20 63 6c | 6f 73 65 72 20 74 6f 0a |tayed cl|oser to.|
|00004180| 20 20 20 20 74 61 6c 6b | 69 6e 67 20 6f 6e 6c 79 | talk|ing only|
|00004190| 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 74 | 68 65 20 43 20 6c 61 6e | about t|he C lan|
|000041a0| 67 75 61 67 65 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 76 65 6e 64 6f |guage, a|nd vendo|
|000041b0| 72 2d 73 70 65 63 69 66 | 69 63 20 6f 72 20 6f 70 |r-specif|ic or op|
|000041c0| 65 72 61 74 69 6e 67 2d | 0a 20 20 20 20 73 79 73 |erating-|. sys|
|000041d0| 74 65 6d 2d 73 70 65 63 | 69 66 69 63 20 71 75 65 |tem-spec|ific que|
|000041e0| 73 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 | 72 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 77 |stions a|re not w|
|000041f0| 65 6c 63 6f 6d 65 2e 20 | 20 54 68 69 73 20 74 65 |elcome. | This te|
|00004200| 6e 64 73 20 74 6f 20 70 | 75 73 68 0a 20 20 20 20 |nds to p|ush. |
|00004210| 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e | 73 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 |question|s about |
|00004220| 64 69 73 6b 73 2c 20 44 | 4f 53 20 66 69 6c 65 20 |disks, D|OS file |
|00004230| 73 74 72 75 63 74 75 72 | 65 2c 20 76 69 64 65 6f |structur|e, video|
|00004240| 2c 20 74 68 65 20 6b 65 | 79 62 6f 61 72 64 2c 0a |, the ke|yboard,.|
|00004250| 20 20 20 20 54 53 52 73 | 2c 20 65 74 63 2e 20 74 | TSRs|, etc. t|
|00004260| 6f 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e 6f | 73 2e 6d 73 64 6f 73 2e |o comp.o|s.msdos.|
|00004270| 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d | 65 72 20 65 76 65 6e 20 |programm|er even |
|00004280| 77 68 65 6e 20 74 68 6f | 73 65 20 70 72 6f 67 72 |when tho|se progr|
|00004290| 61 6d 73 20 61 72 65 0a | 20 20 20 20 77 72 69 74 |ams are.| writ|
|000042a0| 74 65 6e 20 69 6e 20 43 | 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 54 |ten in C|... T|
|000042b0| 68 69 73 20 46 41 51 20 | 69 73 20 64 65 66 69 6e |his FAQ |is defin|
|000042c0| 69 74 65 6c 79 20 43 2d | 6f 72 69 65 6e 74 65 64 |itely C-|oriented|
|000042d0| 2c 20 6e 6f 74 20 62 65 | 63 61 75 73 65 20 74 68 |, not be|cause th|
|000042e0| 61 74 27 73 20 6e 65 63 | 65 73 73 61 72 69 6c 79 |at's nec|essarily|
|000042f0| 0a 20 20 20 20 62 65 73 | 74 20 62 75 74 20 62 65 |. bes|t but be|
|00004300| 63 61 75 73 65 20 49 20 | 74 72 69 65 64 20 74 6f |cause I |tried to|
|00004310| 20 73 74 69 63 6b 20 74 | 6f 20 77 68 61 74 20 49 | stick t|o what I|
|00004320| 20 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 76 | 65 72 69 66 79 20 70 65 | could v|erify pe|
|00004330| 72 73 6f 6e 61 6c 6c 79 | 2e 0a 20 20 20 20 41 73 |rsonally|.. As|
|00004340| 20 61 20 43 20 70 72 6f | 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 20 | a C pro|grammer |
|00004350| 28 77 69 74 68 20 73 6f | 6d 65 20 61 73 73 65 6d |(with so|me assem|
|00004360| 62 6c 65 72 29 2c 20 49 | 20 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 6d |bler), I| could m|
|00004370| 6f 73 74 20 63 61 72 65 | 66 75 6c 6c 79 0a 20 20 |ost care|fully. |
|00004380| 20 20 76 65 72 69 66 79 | 20 73 6f 6c 75 74 69 6f | verify| solutio|
|00004390| 6e 73 20 69 6e 20 43 20 | 6f 72 20 61 73 73 65 6d |ns in C |or assem|
|000043a0| 62 6c 65 72 2e 20 20 49 | 20 66 65 6c 74 20 74 68 |bler. I| felt th|
|000043b0| 61 74 20 73 68 6f 72 74 | 2c 20 63 6c 65 61 72 0a |at short|, clear.|
|000043c0| 20 20 20 20 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 73 20 63 6f 75 | prog|rams cou|
|000043d0| 6c 64 20 62 65 20 70 75 | 62 6c 69 73 68 65 64 20 |ld be pu|blished |
|000043e0| 69 6e 20 6a 75 73 74 20 | 6f 6e 65 20 6c 61 6e 67 |in just |one lang|
|000043f0| 75 61 67 65 20 61 6e 64 | 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d |uage and| program|
|00004400| 6d 65 72 73 0a 20 20 20 | 20 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 74 |mers. | could t|
|00004410| 72 61 6e 73 6c 61 74 65 | 20 74 68 65 6d 20 69 6e |ranslate| them in|
|00004420| 74 6f 20 74 68 65 69 72 | 20 6c 61 6e 67 75 61 67 |to their| languag|
|00004430| 65 73 20 6f 66 20 63 68 | 6f 69 63 65 2e 20 20 42 |es of ch|oice. B|
|00004440| 75 74 20 74 68 65 20 46 | 41 51 0a 20 20 20 20 6c |ut the F|AQ. l|
|00004450| 69 73 74 20 61 6c 73 6f | 20 63 6f 6e 74 61 69 6e |ist also| contain|
|00004460| 73 20 73 65 76 65 72 61 | 6c 20 6c 6f 6e 67 20 70 |s severa|l long p|
|00004470| 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 73 20 | 77 72 69 74 74 65 6e 20 |rograms |written |
|00004480| 6f 6e 6c 79 20 69 6e 20 | 43 3b 20 74 68 69 73 20 |only in |C; this |
|00004490| 69 73 0a 20 20 20 20 61 | 20 64 65 66 65 63 74 20 |is. a| defect |
|000044a0| 77 69 74 68 20 6e 6f 20 | 6f 62 76 69 6f 75 73 20 |with no |obvious |
|000044b0| 72 65 6d 65 64 79 2e 20 | 20 4d 6f 73 74 20 61 6e |remedy. | Most an|
|000044c0| 73 77 65 72 73 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 |swers th|at point|
|000044d0| 20 74 6f 20 73 6f 75 72 | 63 65 0a 20 20 20 20 63 | to sour|ce. c|
|000044e0| 6f 64 65 20 61 74 20 61 | 72 63 68 69 76 65 20 73 |ode at a|rchive s|
|000044f0| 69 74 65 73 20 69 6e 63 | 6c 75 64 65 20 62 6f 74 |ites inc|lude bot|
|00004500| 68 20 43 2d 20 61 6e 64 | 20 50 61 73 63 61 6c 2d |h C- and| Pascal-|
|00004510| 6c 61 6e 67 75 61 67 65 | 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 0a |language| source.|
|00004520| 20 20 20 20 77 68 65 6e | 20 61 76 61 69 6c 61 62 | when| availab|
|00004530| 6c 65 2e 0a 0a 53 75 62 | 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 20 31 |le...Sub|ject: 1|
|00004540| 30 34 2e 20 57 68 61 74 | 27 73 20 74 68 65 20 64 |04. What|'s the d|
|00004550| 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 63 | 65 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 63 |ifferenc|e from c|
|00004560| 6f 6d 70 2e 73 79 73 2e | 69 62 6d 2e 70 63 2e 70 |omp.sys.|ibm.pc.p|
|00004570| 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 | 72 3f 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 |rogramme|r?.. |
|00004580| 63 2e 73 2e 69 2e 70 2e | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d |c.s.i.p.|programm|
|00004590| 65 72 20 69 73 20 74 68 | 65 20 6f 6c 64 20 6e 61 |er is th|e old na|
|000045a0| 6d 65 20 6f 66 20 63 6f | 6d 70 2e 6f 73 2e 6d 73 |me of co|mp.os.ms|
|000045b0| 64 6f 73 2e 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 2c 20 |dos.prog|rammer, |
|000045c0| 61 6e 64 0a 20 20 20 20 | 68 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e |and. |has been|
|000045d0| 20 6f 62 73 6f 6c 65 74 | 65 20 73 69 6e 63 65 20 | obsolet|e since |
|000045e0| 53 65 70 74 65 6d 62 65 | 72 20 31 39 39 30 2e 20 |Septembe|r 1990. |
|000045f0| 20 48 6f 77 65 76 65 72 | 2c 20 6d 61 6e 79 20 73 | However|, many s|
|00004600| 79 73 74 65 6d 73 20 68 | 61 76 65 0a 20 20 20 20 |ystems h|ave. |
|00004610| 6e 6f 74 20 72 65 6d 6f | 76 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 |not remo|ved the |
|00004620| 6f 6c 64 20 67 72 6f 75 | 70 2c 20 6f 72 20 68 61 |old grou|p, or ha|
|00004630| 76 65 20 72 65 6d 6f 76 | 65 64 20 69 74 20 62 75 |ve remov|ed it bu|
|00004640| 74 20 61 6c 69 61 73 65 | 64 20 69 74 20 74 6f 20 |t aliase|d it to |
|00004650| 74 68 65 0a 20 20 20 20 | 6e 65 77 20 6e 61 6d 65 |the. |new name|
|00004660| 2e 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 | 6d 65 61 6e 73 20 74 68 |. This |means th|
|00004670| 61 74 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 | 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 73 |at some |people s|
|00004680| 74 69 6c 6c 20 74 68 69 | 6e 6b 20 74 68 65 79 27 |till thi|nk they'|
|00004690| 72 65 20 70 6f 73 74 69 | 6e 67 0a 20 20 20 20 74 |re posti|ng. t|
|000046a0| 6f 20 63 2e 73 2e 69 2e | 70 2e 70 72 6f 67 72 61 |o c.s.i.|p.progra|
|000046b0| 6d 6d 65 72 20 65 76 65 | 6e 20 74 68 6f 75 67 68 |mmer eve|n though|
|000046c0| 20 74 68 65 79 27 72 65 | 20 61 63 74 75 61 6c 6c | they're| actuall|
|000046d0| 79 20 70 6f 73 74 69 6e | 67 20 74 6f 0a 20 20 20 |y postin|g to. |
|000046e0| 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e 6f 73 | 2e 6d 73 64 6f 73 2e 70 | comp.os|.msdos.p|
|000046f0| 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 | 72 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 |rogramme|r... |
|00004700| 59 6f 75 20 63 61 6e 20 | 65 61 73 69 6c 79 20 76 |You can |easily v|
|00004710| 65 72 69 66 79 20 74 68 | 65 20 6e 6f 6e 2d 65 78 |erify th|e non-ex|
|00004720| 69 73 74 65 6e 63 65 20 | 6f 66 20 63 2e 73 2e 69 |istence |of c.s.i|
|00004730| 2e 70 2e 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 6d 65 72 20 62 79 |.p.progr|ammer by|
|00004740| 0a 20 20 20 20 72 65 66 | 65 72 65 6e 63 65 20 74 |. ref|erence t|
|00004750| 6f 20 74 68 65 20 22 4c | 69 73 74 20 6f 66 20 41 |o the "L|ist of A|
|00004760| 63 74 69 76 65 20 4e 65 | 77 73 67 72 6f 75 70 73 |ctive Ne|wsgroups|
|00004770| 22 20 70 6f 73 74 65 64 | 20 74 6f 20 6e 65 77 73 |" posted| to news|
|00004780| 2e 67 72 6f 75 70 73 2e | 0a 20 20 20 20 49 74 27 |.groups.|. It'|
|00004790| 73 20 61 76 61 69 6c 61 | 62 6c 65 20 61 73 20 2f |s availa|ble as /|
|000047a0| 70 75 62 2f 75 73 65 6e | 65 74 2f 6e 65 77 73 2e |pub/usen|et/news.|
|000047b0| 61 6e 73 77 65 72 73 2f | 61 63 74 69 76 65 2d 6e |answers/|active-n|
|000047c0| 65 77 73 67 72 6f 75 70 | 73 2f 70 61 72 74 31 0a |ewsgroup|s/part1.|
|000047d0| 20 20 20 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 74 68 65 20 61 72 63 | from| the arc|
|000047e0| 68 69 76 65 73 20 28 73 | 65 65 20 22 43 30 36 2e |hives (s|ee "C06.|
|000047f0| 20 57 68 65 72 65 20 61 | 72 65 20 46 41 51 20 6c | Where a|re FAQ l|
|00004800| 69 73 74 73 20 61 72 63 | 68 69 76 65 64 3f 22 29 |ists arc|hived?")|
|00004810| 2e 0a 0a 53 75 62 6a 65 | 63 74 3a 20 20 31 30 35 |...Subje|ct: 105|
|00004820| 2e 20 49 73 20 63 6f 6d | 70 2e 6f 73 2e 6d 73 64 |. Is com|p.os.msd|
|00004830| 6f 73 2e 70 72 6f 67 72 | 61 6d 6d 65 72 20 61 76 |os.progr|ammer av|
|00004840| 61 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 20 | 61 73 20 61 20 6d 61 69 |ailable |as a mai|
|00004850| 6c 69 6e 67 20 6c 69 73 | 74 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ling lis|t?. |
|00004860| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 28 6e 65 77 3a 20 | | (new: |
|00004870| 32 20 46 65 62 20 31 39 | 39 33 29 0a 0a 20 20 20 |2 Feb 19|93).. |
|00004880| 20 53 6f 72 72 79 2c 20 | 6e 6f 2e 0a 0a 53 75 62 | Sorry, |no...Sub|
|00004890| 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 20 31 | 30 36 2e 20 57 68 61 74 |ject: 1|06. What|
|000048a0| 27 73 20 74 68 69 73 20 | 22 6e 65 74 69 71 75 65 |'s this |"netique|
|000048b0| 74 74 65 22 3f 20 28 72 | 65 76 3a 20 32 30 20 4d |tte"? (r|ev: 20 M|
|000048c0| 61 72 20 31 39 39 34 29 | 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 4e 65 |ar 1994)|.. Ne|
|000048d0| 74 69 71 75 65 74 74 65 | 20 69 73 20 67 6f 6f 64 |tiquette| is good|
|000048e0| 20 55 73 65 6e 65 74 20 | 65 74 69 71 75 65 74 74 | Usenet |etiquett|
|000048f0| 65 2e 20 20 49 74 20 69 | 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 73 20 |e. It i|ncludes |
|00004900| 62 61 73 69 63 20 72 75 | 6c 65 73 20 6c 69 6b 65 |basic ru|les like|
|00004910| 0a 20 20 20 20 74 68 65 | 20 6f 6e 65 73 20 62 65 |. the| ones be|
|00004920| 6c 6f 77 2e 20 20 28 53 | 65 65 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 |low. (S|ee also |
|00004930| 22 31 30 37 2e 20 48 6f | 77 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 |"107. Ho|w can I |
|00004940| 6c 65 61 72 6e 20 6d 6f | 72 65 20 61 62 6f 75 74 |learn mo|re about|
|00004950| 0a 20 20 20 20 55 73 65 | 6e 65 74 3f 22 29 0a 0a |. Use|net?")..|
|00004960| 20 20 20 20 2d 20 41 6c | 77 61 79 73 20 72 65 61 | - Al|ways rea|
|00004970| 64 20 61 20 6e 65 77 73 | 67 72 6f 75 70 20 66 6f |d a news|group fo|
|00004980| 72 20 61 20 72 65 61 73 | 6f 6e 61 62 6c 65 20 74 |r a reas|onable t|
|00004990| 69 6d 65 20 62 65 66 6f | 72 65 20 79 6f 75 20 70 |ime befo|re you p|
|000049a0| 6f 73 74 20 61 6e 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 61 72 74 |ost an. | art|
|000049b0| 69 63 6c 65 20 74 6f 20 | 69 74 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 |icle to |it... |
|000049c0| 20 2d 20 50 69 63 6b 20 | 74 68 65 20 6f 6e 65 20 | - Pick |the one |
|000049d0| 72 69 67 68 74 20 67 72 | 6f 75 70 20 66 6f 72 20 |right gr|oup for |
|000049e0| 79 6f 75 72 20 61 72 74 | 69 63 6c 65 3b 20 64 6f |your art|icle; do|
|000049f0| 6e 27 74 20 63 72 6f 73 | 73 70 6f 73 74 20 75 6e |n't cros|spost un|
|00004a00| 6c 65 73 73 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 61 62 73 6f 6c |less. | absol|
|00004a10| 75 74 65 6c 79 20 6e 65 | 63 65 73 73 61 72 79 2e |utely ne|cessary.|
|00004a20| 20 20 49 66 20 79 6f 75 | 20 61 62 73 6f 6c 75 74 | If you| absolut|
|00004a30| 65 6c 79 20 6d 75 73 74 | 20 70 6f 73 74 20 61 6e |ely must| post an|
|00004a40| 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 | 20 74 6f 0a 20 20 20 20 | article| to. |
|00004a50| 20 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 74 | 68 61 6e 20 6f 6e 65 20 | more t|han one |
|00004a60| 67 72 6f 75 70 2c 20 64 | 6f 20 63 72 6f 73 73 70 |group, d|o crossp|
|00004a70| 6f 73 74 20 69 74 20 61 | 6e 64 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 |ost it a|nd don't|
|00004a80| 20 70 6f 73 74 20 74 68 | 65 20 73 61 6d 65 0a 20 | post th|e same. |
|00004a90| 20 20 20 20 20 61 72 74 | 69 63 6c 65 20 73 65 70 | art|icle sep|
|00004aa0| 61 72 61 74 65 6c 79 20 | 74 6f 20 65 61 63 68 20 |arately |to each |
|00004ab0| 67 72 6f 75 70 2e 20 20 | 53 65 65 20 22 31 30 38 |group. |See "108|
|00004ac0| 2e 20 57 68 61 74 20 6f | 74 68 65 72 20 74 65 63 |. What o|ther tec|
|00004ad0| 68 6e 69 63 61 6c 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 6e 65 77 |hnical. | new|
|00004ae0| 73 67 72 6f 75 70 73 20 | 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 49 |sgroups |should I|
|00004af0| 20 6b 6e 6f 77 20 61 62 | 6f 75 74 3f 22 20 77 68 | know ab|out?" wh|
|00004b00| 65 6e 20 63 6f 6e 73 69 | 64 65 72 69 6e 67 20 77 |en consi|dering w|
|00004b10| 68 65 72 65 20 74 6f 20 | 70 6f 73 74 20 61 6e 0a |here to |post an.|
|00004b20| 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 72 | 74 69 63 6c 65 2e 0a 0a | ar|ticle...|
|00004b30| 20 20 20 20 2d 20 42 65 | 66 6f 72 65 20 79 6f 75 | - Be|fore you|
|00004b40| 20 70 6f 73 74 20 61 20 | 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e | post a |question|
|00004b50| 2c 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 73 | 75 72 65 20 79 6f 75 27 |, make s|ure you'|
|00004b60| 72 65 20 70 6f 73 74 69 | 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 74 68 |re posti|ng to th|
|00004b70| 65 20 72 69 67 68 74 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 6e 65 |e right.| ne|
|00004b80| 77 73 67 72 6f 75 70 3b | 20 74 68 65 20 62 65 73 |wsgroup;| the bes|
|00004b90| 74 20 77 61 79 20 74 6f | 20 64 6f 20 74 68 61 74 |t way to| do that|
|00004ba0| 20 69 73 20 74 6f 20 6f | 62 73 65 72 76 65 20 74 | is to o|bserve t|
|00004bb0| 68 65 20 70 72 65 63 65 | 64 69 6e 67 0a 20 20 20 |he prece|ding. |
|00004bc0| 20 20 20 72 75 6c 65 2e | 20 20 43 68 65 63 6b 20 | rule.| Check |
|00004bd0| 74 68 65 20 67 72 6f 75 | 70 27 73 20 46 41 51 20 |the grou|p's FAQ |
|00004be0| 6c 69 73 74 20 28 69 66 | 20 69 74 20 68 61 73 20 |list (if| it has |
|00004bf0| 6f 6e 65 29 20 74 6f 20 | 6d 61 6b 65 20 73 75 72 |one) to |make sur|
|00004c00| 65 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 79 6f 75 |e. |that you|
|00004c10| 72 20 71 75 65 73 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 69 73 6e 27 74 |r questi|on isn't|
|00004c20| 20 61 6c 72 65 61 64 79 | 20 61 6e 73 77 65 72 65 | already| answere|
|00004c30| 64 20 74 68 65 72 65 3b | 20 73 65 65 20 22 43 30 |d there;| see "C0|
|00004c40| 36 2e 20 57 68 65 72 65 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 |6. Where|. a|
|00004c50| 72 65 20 46 41 51 20 6c | 69 73 74 73 20 61 72 63 |re FAQ l|ists arc|
|00004c60| 68 69 76 65 64 3f 22 2e | 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 2d 20 |hived?".|.. - |
|00004c70| 57 68 65 6e 20 79 6f 75 | 20 70 6f 73 74 20 61 20 |When you| post a |
|00004c80| 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e | 2c 20 69 66 20 79 6f 75 |question|, if you|
|00004c90| 20 61 73 6b 20 66 6f 72 | 20 65 6d 61 69 6c 20 72 | ask for| email r|
|00004ca0| 65 73 70 6f 6e 73 65 73 | 20 74 68 65 6e 0a 20 20 |esponses| then. |
|00004cb0| 20 20 20 20 70 72 6f 6d | 69 73 65 20 74 6f 20 70 | prom|ise to p|
|00004cc0| 6f 73 74 20 61 20 73 75 | 6d 6d 61 72 79 2e 20 20 |ost a su|mmary. |
|00004cd0| 4b 65 65 70 20 79 6f 75 | 72 20 70 72 6f 6d 69 73 |Keep you|r promis|
|00004ce0| 65 2e 20 20 41 6e 64 20 | 6d 61 6b 65 20 69 74 20 |e. And |make it |
|00004cf0| 61 20 72 65 61 6c 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 73 75 6d |a real. | sum|
|00004d00| 6d 61 72 79 3a 20 64 6f | 6e 27 74 20 6a 75 73 74 |mary: do|n't just|
|00004d10| 20 61 70 70 65 6e 64 20 | 61 6c 6c 20 74 68 65 20 | append |all the |
|00004d20| 65 6d 61 69 6c 20 79 6f | 75 20 67 6f 74 2e 20 20 |email yo|u got. |
|00004d30| 49 6e 73 74 65 61 64 2c | 20 77 72 69 74 65 0a 20 |Instead,| write. |
|00004d40| 20 20 20 20 20 79 6f 75 | 72 20 6f 77 6e 20 28 62 | you|r own (b|
|00004d50| 72 69 65 66 29 20 64 65 | 73 63 72 69 70 74 69 6f |rief) de|scriptio|
|00004d60| 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 6f 6c 75 74 69 6f |n of the| solutio|
|00004d70| 6e 3a 20 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 |n: this| is the |
|00004d80| 62 65 73 74 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 77 61 79 20 74 |best. | way t|
|00004d90| 6f 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 73 | 75 72 65 20 79 6f 75 20 |o make s|ure you |
|00004da0| 72 65 61 6c 6c 79 20 75 | 6e 64 65 72 73 74 61 6e |really u|nderstan|
|00004db0| 64 20 69 74 2e 0a 0a 20 | 20 20 20 2d 20 42 65 66 |d it... | - Bef|
|00004dc0| 6f 72 65 20 79 6f 75 20 | 70 6f 73 74 20 61 20 66 |ore you |post a f|
|00004dd0| 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 2d 75 70 | 2c 20 72 65 61 64 20 74 |ollow-up|, read t|
|00004de0| 68 65 20 6f 74 68 65 72 | 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 2d |he other| follow-|
|00004df0| 75 70 73 2e 20 20 56 65 | 72 79 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |ups. Ve|ry. |
|00004e00| 20 6f 66 74 65 6e 20 79 | 6f 75 27 6c 6c 20 66 69 | often y|ou'll fi|
|00004e10| 6e 64 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 73 6f 6d 65 6f 6e 65 20 |nd that |someone |
|00004e20| 65 6c 73 65 20 68 61 73 | 20 61 6c 72 65 61 64 79 |else has| already|
|00004e30| 20 6d 61 64 65 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 20 | made th|e point |
|00004e40| 79 6f 75 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 68 61 64 20 69 6e |you. | had in|
|00004e50| 20 6d 69 6e 64 2e 0a 0a | 20 20 20 20 2d 20 57 68 | mind...| - Wh|
|00004e60| 65 6e 20 73 6f 6d 65 6f | 6e 65 20 70 6f 73 74 73 |en someo|ne posts|
|00004e70| 20 61 20 71 75 65 73 74 | 69 6f 6e 2c 20 69 66 20 | a quest|ion, if |
|00004e80| 79 6f 75 20 77 61 6e 74 | 20 74 6f 20 6b 6e 6f 77 |you want| to know|
|00004e90| 20 74 68 65 20 61 6e 73 | 77 65 72 0a 20 20 20 20 | the ans|wer. |
|00004ea0| 20 20 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 | 70 6f 73 74 20 61 20 22 | don't |post a "|
|00004eb0| 6d 65 2c 20 74 6f 6f 22 | 2e 20 20 49 6e 73 74 65 |me, too"|. Inste|
|00004ec0| 61 64 20 73 65 6e 64 20 | 65 6d 61 69 6c 20 74 6f |ad send |email to|
|00004ed0| 20 74 68 65 20 70 6f 73 | 74 65 72 20 61 73 6b 69 | the pos|ter aski|
|00004ee0| 6e 67 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 68 69 6d 20 6f 72 20 |ng. | him or |
|00004ef0| 68 65 72 20 74 6f 20 73 | 68 61 72 65 20 72 65 73 |her to s|hare res|
|00004f00| 70 6f 6e 73 65 73 20 77 | 69 74 68 20 79 6f 75 2e |ponses w|ith you.|
|00004f10| 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 2d 20 | 57 68 65 6e 20 70 6f 73 |.. - |When pos|
|00004f20| 74 69 6e 67 20 61 20 66 | 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 2d 75 70 |ting a f|ollow-up|
|00004f30| 20 74 6f 20 61 6e 6f 74 | 68 65 72 20 70 6f 73 74 | to anot|her post|
|00004f40| 65 64 20 61 72 74 69 63 | 6c 65 2c 20 72 65 6d 6f |ed artic|le, remo|
|00004f50| 76 65 20 61 6c 6c 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 68 65 61 |ve all. | hea|
|00004f60| 64 65 72 73 20 61 6e 64 | 20 73 69 67 6e 61 74 75 |ders and| signatu|
|00004f70| 72 65 20 6c 69 6e 65 73 | 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 |re lines| from th|
|00004f80| 65 20 6f 6c 64 20 61 72 | 74 69 63 6c 65 3b 20 6a |e old ar|ticle; j|
|00004f90| 75 73 74 20 6b 65 65 70 | 20 74 68 65 0a 20 20 20 |ust keep| the. |
|00004fa0| 20 20 20 6c 69 6e 65 20 | 22 49 6e 20 3c 61 72 74 | line |"In <art|
|00004fb0| 69 63 6c 65 3e 2c 20 73 | 6f 2d 61 6e 64 2d 73 6f |icle>, s|o-and-so|
|00004fc0| 20 77 72 69 74 65 73 3a | 22 2e 20 20 41 6c 73 6f | writes:|". Also|
|00004fd0| 20 63 75 74 20 74 68 65 | 20 6f 72 69 67 69 6e 61 | cut the| origina|
|00004fe0| 6c 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 20 |l. |article |
|00004ff0| 64 6f 77 6e 20 61 73 20 | 6d 75 63 68 20 61 73 20 |down as |much as |
|00005000| 70 6f 73 73 69 62 6c 65 | 3b 20 6a 75 73 74 20 6b |possible|; just k|
|00005010| 65 65 70 20 65 6e 6f 75 | 67 68 20 6f 66 20 69 74 |eep enou|gh of it|
|00005020| 20 74 6f 20 72 65 6d 69 | 6e 64 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | to remi|nd. |
|00005030| 20 72 65 61 64 65 72 73 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | readers| of the |
|00005040| 63 6f 6e 74 65 78 74 2e | 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 2d 20 |context.|.. - |
|00005050| 4b 65 65 70 20 6c 69 6e | 65 73 20 69 6e 20 70 6f |Keep lin|es in po|
|00005060| 73 74 65 64 20 61 72 74 | 69 63 6c 65 73 20 74 6f |sted art|icles to|
|00005070| 20 37 32 2d 37 35 20 63 | 68 61 72 61 63 74 65 72 | 72-75 c|haracter|
|00005080| 73 2e 20 20 4d 61 6e 79 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 6e |s. Many|. n|
|00005090| 65 77 73 72 65 61 64 65 | 72 73 20 63 68 6f 70 20 |ewsreade|rs chop |
|000050a0| 6f 66 66 20 63 6f 6c 75 | 6d 6e 20 38 31 20 6f 72 |off colu|mn 81 or|
|000050b0| 20 61 72 62 69 74 72 61 | 72 69 6c 79 20 69 6e 73 | arbitra|rily ins|
|000050c0| 65 72 74 20 61 20 6e 65 | 77 6c 69 6e 65 0a 20 20 |ert a ne|wline. |
|000050d0| 20 20 20 20 74 68 65 72 | 65 2c 20 77 68 69 63 68 | ther|e, which|
|000050e0| 20 6d 61 6b 65 73 20 6c | 6f 6e 67 65 72 20 6c 69 | makes l|onger li|
|000050f0| 6e 65 73 20 64 69 66 66 | 69 63 75 6c 74 20 6f 72 |nes diff|icult or|
|00005100| 20 69 6d 70 6f 73 73 69 | 62 6c 65 20 74 6f 20 72 | impossi|ble to r|
|00005110| 65 61 64 2e 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 42 75 74 20 79 |ead.. | But y|
|00005120| 6f 75 20 6e 65 65 64 20 | 74 6f 20 6b 65 65 70 20 |ou need |to keep |
|00005130| 77 65 6c 6c 20 62 65 6c | 6f 77 20 38 30 20 63 68 |well bel|ow 80 ch|
|00005140| 61 72 61 63 74 65 72 73 | 20 70 65 72 20 6c 69 6e |aracters| per lin|
|00005150| 65 20 74 6f 20 61 6c 6c | 6f 77 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |e to all|ow. |
|00005160| 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 | 20 3e 20 63 68 61 72 61 | for the| > chara|
|00005170| 63 74 65 72 73 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 67 65 74 20 69 |cters th|at get i|
|00005180| 6e 73 65 72 74 65 64 20 | 77 68 65 6e 20 6f 74 68 |nserted |when oth|
|00005190| 65 72 20 70 65 6f 70 6c | 65 20 70 6f 73 74 0a 20 |er peopl|e post. |
|000051a0| 20 20 20 20 20 66 6f 6c | 6c 6f 77 2d 75 70 73 20 | fol|low-ups |
|000051b0| 74 6f 20 79 6f 75 72 20 | 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 2e |to your |article.|
|000051c0| 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 2d 20 | 4b 65 65 70 20 79 6f 75 |.. - |Keep you|
|000051d0| 72 20 73 69 67 6e 61 74 | 75 72 65 20 74 6f 20 34 |r signat|ure to 4|
|000051e0| 20 6c 69 6e 65 73 20 6f | 72 20 6c 65 73 73 20 28 | lines o|r less (|
|000051f0| 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 69 6e | 67 20 61 6e 79 20 67 72 |includin|g any gr|
|00005200| 61 70 68 69 63 73 29 2c | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 |aphics),|. a|
|00005210| 6e 64 20 66 6f 72 20 68 | 65 61 76 65 6e 27 73 20 |nd for h|eaven's |
|00005220| 73 61 6b 65 20 6d 61 6b | 65 20 73 75 72 65 20 69 |sake mak|e sure i|
|00005230| 74 20 64 6f 65 73 6e 27 | 74 20 67 65 74 20 70 6f |t doesn'|t get po|
|00005240| 73 74 65 64 20 74 77 69 | 63 65 20 69 6e 0a 20 20 |sted twi|ce in. |
|00005250| 20 20 20 20 79 6f 75 72 | 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c 65 | your| article|
|00005260| 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 2d | 20 44 6f 6e 27 74 20 70 |... -| Don't p|
|00005270| 6f 73 74 20 65 6d 61 69 | 6c 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 |ost emai|l withou|
|00005280| 74 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 | 6f 62 74 61 69 6e 69 6e |t first |obtainin|
|00005290| 67 20 74 68 65 20 70 65 | 72 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e |g the pe|rmission|
|000052a0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 73 65 | of the.| se|
|000052b0| 6e 64 65 72 2e 0a 0a 53 | 75 62 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 |nder...S|ubject: |
|000052c0| 20 31 30 37 2e 20 48 6f | 77 20 63 61 6e 20 49 20 | 107. Ho|w can I |
|000052d0| 6c 65 61 72 6e 20 6d 6f | 72 65 20 61 62 6f 75 74 |learn mo|re about|
|000052e0| 20 55 73 65 6e 65 74 3f | 20 28 6e 65 77 3a 20 37 | Usenet?| (new: 7|
|000052f0| 20 41 75 67 20 31 39 39 | 33 29 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 | Aug 199|3).. |
|00005300| 54 68 65 72 65 20 61 72 | 65 20 74 77 6f 20 69 6d |There ar|e two im|
|00005310| 70 6f 72 74 61 6e 74 20 | 6e 65 77 73 67 72 6f 75 |portant |newsgrou|
|00005320| 70 73 20 66 6f 72 20 6c | 65 61 72 6e 69 6e 67 20 |ps for l|earning |
|00005330| 61 62 6f 75 74 20 68 6f | 77 20 55 73 65 6e 65 74 |about ho|w Usenet|
|00005340| 20 61 6e 64 0a 20 20 20 | 20 6e 65 77 73 72 65 61 | and. | newsrea|
|00005350| 64 65 72 20 73 6f 66 74 | 77 61 72 65 20 77 6f 72 |der soft|ware wor|
|00005360| 6b 73 3a 0a 0a 20 20 20 | 20 2d 20 6e 65 77 73 2e |ks:.. | - news.|
|00005370| 61 6e 6e 6f 75 6e 63 65 | 2e 6e 65 77 75 73 65 72 |announce|.newuser|
|00005380| 73 20 63 6f 6e 74 61 69 | 6e 73 20 70 65 72 69 6f |s contai|ns perio|
|00005390| 64 69 63 20 70 6f 73 74 | 69 6e 67 73 20 74 68 61 |dic post|ings tha|
|000053a0| 74 20 65 76 65 72 79 62 | 6f 64 79 0a 20 20 20 20 |t everyb|ody. |
|000053b0| 20 20 69 73 20 61 73 6b | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 72 65 | is ask|ed to re|
|000053c0| 61 64 20 62 65 66 6f 72 | 65 20 70 6f 73 74 69 6e |ad befor|e postin|
|000053d0| 67 20 61 6e 79 74 68 69 | 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 55 73 |g anythi|ng to Us|
|000053e0| 65 6e 65 74 2e 20 20 28 | 49 6e 20 74 68 65 6f 72 |enet. (|In theor|
|000053f0| 79 2c 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 61 6c 6c 20 6e 65 77 |y,. | all new|
|00005400| 20 75 73 65 72 73 20 61 | 72 65 20 73 75 62 73 63 | users a|re subsc|
|00005410| 72 69 62 65 64 20 74 6f | 20 6e 65 77 73 2e 61 6e |ribed to| news.an|
|00005420| 6e 6f 75 6e 63 65 2e 6e | 65 77 75 73 65 72 73 0a |nounce.n|ewusers.|
|00005430| 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 75 | 74 6f 6d 61 74 69 63 61 | au|tomatica|
|00005440| 6c 6c 79 2e 20 20 42 75 | 74 20 69 6e 20 70 72 61 |lly. Bu|t in pra|
|00005450| 63 74 69 63 65 20 6e 6f | 74 20 61 6c 6c 20 6e 65 |ctice no|t all ne|
|00005460| 77 73 72 65 61 64 65 72 | 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 |wsreader| softwar|
|00005470| 65 20 64 6f 65 73 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 74 68 61 |e does. | tha|
|00005480| 74 2c 20 73 6f 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 6d 61 6e 79 20 |t, so th|at many |
|00005490| 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 76 | 69 6f 6c 61 74 65 20 74 |people v|iolate t|
|000054a0| 68 65 20 67 75 69 64 65 | 6c 69 6e 65 73 20 67 69 |he guide|lines gi|
|000054b0| 76 65 6e 20 74 68 65 72 | 65 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ven ther|e. |
|000054c0| 73 69 6d 70 6c 79 20 62 | 65 63 61 75 73 65 20 74 |simply b|ecause t|
|000054d0| 68 65 79 20 64 6f 6e 27 | 74 20 6b 6e 6f 77 20 61 |hey don'|t know a|
|000054e0| 62 6f 75 74 20 74 68 65 | 6d 2e 29 0a 0a 20 20 20 |bout the|m.).. |
|000054f0| 20 2d 20 6e 65 77 73 2e | 6e 65 77 75 73 65 72 73 | - news.|newusers|
|00005500| 2e 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f | 6e 73 20 69 73 20 64 65 |.questio|ns is de|
|00005510| 73 63 72 69 62 65 64 20 | 61 73 20 22 51 20 26 20 |scribed |as "Q & |
|00005520| 41 20 66 6f 72 20 75 73 | 65 72 73 20 6e 65 77 20 |A for us|ers new |
|00005530| 74 6f 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 74 68 65 20 55 73 65 |to. | the Use|
|00005540| 6e 65 74 22 2e 20 20 42 | 75 74 20 6e 65 77 20 61 |net". B|ut new a|
|00005550| 6e 64 20 6c 6f 6e 67 2d | 74 69 6d 65 20 75 73 65 |nd long-|time use|
|00005560| 72 73 20 63 61 6e 20 61 | 73 6b 20 6f 72 20 61 6e |rs can a|sk or an|
|00005570| 73 77 65 72 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 71 75 65 73 74 |swer. | quest|
|00005580| 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 62 6f | 75 74 20 55 73 65 6e 65 |ions abo|ut Usene|
|00005590| 74 20 61 6e 64 20 6e 65 | 77 73 72 65 61 64 65 72 |t and ne|wsreader|
|000055a0| 20 73 6f 66 74 77 61 72 | 65 20 74 68 65 72 65 2e | softwar|e there.|
|000055b0| 20 20 54 68 65 72 65 27 | 73 20 61 6e 0a 20 20 20 | There'|s an. |
|000055c0| 20 20 20 69 6d 70 6f 72 | 74 61 6e 74 20 61 72 74 | impor|tant art|
|000055d0| 69 63 6c 65 2c 20 22 57 | 65 6c 63 6f 6d 65 20 74 |icle, "W|elcome t|
|000055e0| 6f 20 6e 65 77 73 2e 6e | 65 77 75 73 65 72 73 2e |o news.n|ewusers.|
|000055f0| 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e | 73 21 20 28 77 65 65 6b |question|s! (week|
|00005600| 6c 79 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 70 6f 73 74 69 6e 67 |ly. | posting|
|00005610| 29 22 2c 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 65 76 65 72 79 6f 6e |)", that| everyon|
|00005620| 65 20 69 73 20 61 73 6b | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 72 65 |e is ask|ed to re|
|00005630| 61 64 20 62 65 66 6f 72 | 65 20 70 6f 73 74 69 6e |ad befor|e postin|
|00005640| 67 20 74 6f 0a 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 6e 65 77 73 2e |g to. | news.|
|00005650| 6e 65 77 75 73 65 72 73 | 2e 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f |newusers|.questio|
|00005660| 6e 73 2e 20 20 28 53 65 | 65 20 62 65 6c 6f 77 20 |ns. (Se|e below |
|00005670| 66 6f 72 20 77 61 79 73 | 20 74 6f 20 67 65 74 20 |for ways| to get |
|00005680| 61 20 63 6f 70 79 20 6f | 66 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |a copy o|f. |
|00005690| 74 68 61 74 20 61 72 74 | 69 63 6c 65 2e 29 0a 0a |that art|icle.)..|
|000056a0| 20 20 20 20 54 68 65 20 | 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 69 6e | The |followin|
|000056b0| 67 20 70 6f 73 74 69 6e | 67 73 20 69 6e 20 6e 65 |g postin|gs in ne|
|000056c0| 77 73 2e 61 6e 6e 6f 75 | 6e 63 65 2e 6e 65 77 75 |ws.annou|nce.newu|
|000056d0| 73 65 72 73 20 6d 69 67 | 68 74 20 62 65 20 63 6f |sers mig|ht be co|
|000056e0| 6e 73 69 64 65 72 65 64 | 0a 20 20 20 20 74 68 65 |nsidered|. the|
|000056f0| 20 22 6d 61 6e 64 61 74 | 6f 72 79 20 63 6f 75 72 | "mandat|ory cour|
|00005700| 73 65 22 20 66 6f 72 20 | 6e 65 77 20 75 73 65 72 |se" for |new user|
|00005710| 73 3a 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 49 6e 74 72 |s:.. | Intr|
|00005720| 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f 6e | 20 74 6f 20 6e 65 77 73 |oduction| to news|
|00005730| 2e 61 6e 6e 6f 75 6e 63 | 65 2e 6e 65 77 75 73 65 |.announc|e.newuse|
|00005740| 72 73 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 57 68 61 74 20 |rs. | What |
|00005750| 69 73 20 55 73 65 6e 65 | 74 3f 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |is Usene|t?. |
|00005760| 20 20 20 41 6e 73 77 65 | 72 73 20 74 6f 20 46 72 | Answe|rs to Fr|
|00005770| 65 71 75 65 6e 74 6c 79 | 20 41 73 6b 65 64 20 51 |equently| Asked Q|
|00005780| 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e 73 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |uestions|. |
|00005790| 20 52 75 6c 65 73 20 66 | 6f 72 20 70 6f 73 74 69 | Rules f|or posti|
|000057a0| 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 55 73 | 65 6e 65 74 0a 20 20 20 |ng to Us|enet. |
|000057b0| 20 20 20 20 20 41 20 50 | 72 69 6d 65 72 20 6f 6e | A P|rimer on|
|000057c0| 20 48 6f 77 20 74 6f 20 | 57 6f 72 6b 20 57 69 74 | How to |Work Wit|
|000057d0| 68 20 74 68 65 20 55 73 | 65 6e 65 74 20 43 6f 6d |h the Us|enet Com|
|000057e0| 6d 75 6e 69 74 79 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 48 |munity. | H|
|000057f0| 69 6e 74 73 20 6f 6e 20 | 77 72 69 74 69 6e 67 20 |ints on |writing |
|00005800| 73 74 79 6c 65 20 66 6f | 72 20 55 73 65 6e 65 74 |style fo|r Usenet|
|00005810| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 45 6d 69 6c 79 20 50 |. | Emily P|
|00005820| 6f 73 74 6e 65 77 73 20 | 41 6e 73 77 65 72 73 20 |ostnews |Answers |
|00005830| 59 6f 75 72 20 51 75 65 | 73 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f |Your Que|stions o|
|00005840| 6e 20 4e 65 74 69 71 75 | 65 74 74 65 0a 0a 20 20 |n Netiqu|ette.. |
|00005850| 20 20 54 68 65 20 61 72 | 74 69 63 6c 65 73 20 6d | The ar|ticles m|
|00005860| 65 6e 74 69 6f 6e 65 64 | 20 61 62 6f 76 65 20 61 |entioned| above a|
|00005870| 72 65 20 64 6f 77 6e 6c | 6f 61 64 61 62 6c 65 20 |re downl|oadable |
|00005880| 76 69 61 20 66 74 70 20 | 66 72 6f 6d 0a 20 20 20 |via ftp |from. |
|00005890| 20 72 74 66 6d 2e 6d 69 | 74 2e 65 64 75 20 69 6e | rtfm.mi|t.edu in|
|000058a0| 20 74 68 65 20 66 6f 6c | 6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 66 | the fol|lowing f|
|000058b0| 69 6c 65 73 3a 0a 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2f |iles:.. | /|
|000058c0| 70 75 62 2f 75 73 65 6e | 65 74 2f 6e 65 77 73 2e |pub/usen|et/news.|
|000058d0| 61 6e 73 77 65 72 73 2f | 6e 65 77 73 2d 6e 65 77 |answers/|news-new|
|000058e0| 75 73 65 72 73 2d 69 6e | 74 72 6f 0a 20 20 20 20 |users-in|tro. |
|000058f0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 57 65 6c 63 6f 6d 65 20 | |Welcome |
|00005900| 74 6f 20 6e 65 77 73 2e | 6e 65 77 75 73 65 72 73 |to news.|newusers|
|00005910| 2e 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f | 6e 73 21 20 28 77 65 65 |.questio|ns! (wee|
|00005920| 6b 6c 79 20 70 6f 73 74 | 69 6e 67 29 0a 20 20 20 |kly post|ing). |
|00005930| 20 20 20 20 20 2f 70 75 | 62 2f 75 73 65 6e 65 74 | /pu|b/usenet|
|00005940| 2f 6e 65 77 73 2e 61 6e | 73 77 65 72 73 2f 6e 65 |/news.an|swers/ne|
|00005950| 77 73 2d 61 6e 6e 6f 75 | 6e 63 65 2d 69 6e 74 72 |ws-annou|nce-intr|
|00005960| 6f 2f 70 61 72 74 31 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |o/part1.| |
|00005970| 20 20 20 20 49 6e 74 72 | 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f 6e | Intr|oduction|
|00005980| 20 74 6f 20 6e 65 77 73 | 2e 61 6e 6e 6f 75 6e 63 | to news|.announc|
|00005990| 65 2e 6e 65 77 75 73 65 | 72 73 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |e.newuse|rs. |
|000059a0| 20 20 20 2f 70 75 62 2f | 75 73 65 6e 65 74 2f 6e | /pub/|usenet/n|
|000059b0| 65 77 73 2e 61 6e 73 77 | 65 72 73 2f 77 68 61 74 |ews.answ|ers/what|
|000059c0| 2d 69 73 2d 75 73 65 6e | 65 74 2f 70 61 72 74 31 |-is-usen|et/part1|
|000059d0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 57 68 61 |. | Wha|
|000059e0| 74 20 69 73 20 55 73 65 | 6e 65 74 3f 0a 20 20 20 |t is Use|net?. |
|000059f0| 20 20 20 20 20 2f 70 75 | 62 2f 75 73 65 6e 65 74 | /pu|b/usenet|
|00005a00| 2f 6e 65 77 73 2e 61 6e | 73 77 65 72 73 2f 75 73 |/news.an|swers/us|
|00005a10| 65 6e 65 74 2d 66 61 71 | 2f 70 61 72 74 31 0a 20 |enet-faq|/part1. |
|00005a20| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 41 6e 73 77 65 | | Answe|
|00005a30| 72 73 20 74 6f 20 46 72 | 65 71 75 65 6e 74 6c 79 |rs to Fr|equently|
|00005a40| 20 41 73 6b 65 64 20 51 | 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e 73 | Asked Q|uestions|
|00005a50| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 2f 70 75 62 2f 75 73 |. | /pub/us|
|00005a60| 65 6e 65 74 2f 6e 65 77 | 73 2e 61 6e 73 77 65 72 |enet/new|s.answer|
|00005a70| 73 2f 70 6f 73 74 69 6e | 67 2d 72 75 6c 65 73 2f |s/postin|g-rules/|
|00005a80| 70 61 72 74 31 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |part1. | |
|00005a90| 20 20 52 75 6c 65 73 20 | 66 6f 72 20 70 6f 73 74 | Rules |for post|
|00005aa0| 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 55 | 73 65 6e 65 74 0a 20 20 |ing to U|senet. |
|00005ab0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 2f 70 | 75 62 2f 75 73 65 6e 65 | /p|ub/usene|
|00005ac0| 74 2f 6e 65 77 73 2e 61 | 6e 73 77 65 72 73 2f 75 |t/news.a|nswers/u|
|00005ad0| 73 65 6e 65 74 2d 70 72 | 69 6d 65 72 2f 70 61 72 |senet-pr|imer/par|
|00005ae0| 74 31 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 41 |t1. | A|
|00005af0| 20 50 72 69 6d 65 72 20 | 6f 6e 20 48 6f 77 20 74 | Primer |on How t|
|00005b00| 6f 20 57 6f 72 6b 20 57 | 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 |o Work W|ith the |
|00005b10| 55 73 65 6e 65 74 20 43 | 6f 6d 6d 75 6e 69 74 79 |Usenet C|ommunity|
|00005b20| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 2f 70 75 62 2f 75 73 |. | /pub/us|
|00005b30| 65 6e 65 74 2f 6e 65 77 | 73 2e 61 6e 73 77 65 72 |enet/new|s.answer|
|00005b40| 73 2f 75 73 65 6e 65 74 | 2d 77 72 69 74 69 6e 67 |s/usenet|-writing|
|00005b50| 2d 73 74 79 6c 65 2f 70 | 61 72 74 31 0a 20 20 20 |-style/p|art1. |
|00005b60| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 48 69 6e 74 73 20 6f | | Hints o|
|00005b70| 6e 20 77 72 69 74 69 6e | 67 20 73 74 79 6c 65 20 |n writin|g style |
|00005b80| 66 6f 72 20 55 73 65 6e | 65 74 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |for Usen|et. |
|00005b90| 20 20 20 2f 70 75 62 2f | 75 73 65 6e 65 74 2f 6e | /pub/|usenet/n|
|00005ba0| 65 77 73 2e 61 6e 73 77 | 65 72 73 2f 65 6d 69 6c |ews.answ|ers/emil|
|00005bb0| 79 2d 70 6f 73 74 6e 65 | 77 73 2f 70 61 72 74 31 |y-postne|ws/part1|
|00005bc0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 45 6d 69 |. | Emi|
|00005bd0| 6c 79 20 50 6f 73 74 6e | 65 77 73 20 41 6e 73 77 |ly Postn|ews Answ|
|00005be0| 65 72 73 20 59 6f 75 72 | 20 51 75 65 73 74 69 6f |ers Your| Questio|
|00005bf0| 6e 73 20 6f 6e 20 4e 65 | 74 69 71 75 65 74 74 65 |ns on Ne|tiquette|
|00005c00| 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 46 6f | 72 20 72 74 66 6d 2e 6d |.. Fo|r rtfm.m|
|00005c10| 69 74 2e 65 64 75 20 69 | 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 69 |it.edu i|nstructi|
|00005c20| 6f 6e 73 2c 20 73 65 65 | 20 22 43 30 36 2e 20 57 |ons, see| "C06. W|
|00005c30| 68 65 72 65 20 61 72 65 | 20 46 41 51 20 6c 69 73 |here are| FAQ lis|
|00005c40| 74 73 0a 20 20 20 20 61 | 72 63 68 69 76 65 64 3f |ts. a|rchived?|
|00005c50| 22 0a 0a 53 75 62 6a 65 | 63 74 3a 20 20 31 30 38 |"..Subje|ct: 108|
|00005c60| 2e 20 57 68 61 74 20 6f | 74 68 65 72 20 74 65 63 |. What o|ther tec|
|00005c70| 68 6e 69 63 61 6c 20 6e | 65 77 73 67 72 6f 75 70 |hnical n|ewsgroup|
|00005c80| 73 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 | 20 49 20 6b 6e 6f 77 20 |s should| I know |
|00005c90| 61 62 6f 75 74 3f 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |about?. | |
|00005ca0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 28 72 | 65 76 3a 20 36 20 41 70 | (r|ev: 6 Ap|
|00005cb0| 72 20 31 39 39 34 29 0a | 0a 20 20 20 20 43 61 75 |r 1994).|. Cau|
|00005cc0| 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 20 53 | 6f 6d 65 20 6f 66 20 74 |tion: S|ome of t|
|00005cd0| 68 65 73 65 20 6e 65 77 | 73 67 72 6f 75 70 73 20 |hese new|sgroups |
|00005ce0| 68 61 76 65 20 73 70 65 | 63 69 61 6c 69 7a 65 64 |have spe|cialized|
|00005cf0| 20 63 68 61 72 74 65 72 | 73 3b 20 79 6f 75 27 6c | charter|s; you'l|
|00005d00| 6c 0a 20 20 20 20 70 72 | 6f 62 61 62 6c 79 20 67 |l. pr|obably g|
|00005d10| 65 74 20 66 6c 61 6d 65 | 64 20 28 61 6e 64 20 64 |et flame|d (and d|
|00005d20| 65 73 65 72 76 65 20 69 | 74 29 20 69 66 20 79 6f |eserve i|t) if yo|
|00005d30| 75 20 70 6f 73 74 20 74 | 6f 20 61 6e 20 69 6e 61 |u post t|o an ina|
|00005d40| 70 70 72 6f 70 72 69 61 | 74 65 0a 20 20 20 20 67 |ppropria|te. g|
|00005d50| 72 6f 75 70 2e 20 20 4d | 6f 73 74 20 67 72 6f 75 |roup. M|ost grou|
|00005d60| 70 73 20 68 61 76 65 20 | 46 41 51 20 6c 69 73 74 |ps have |FAQ list|
|00005d70| 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 77 | 69 6c 6c 20 74 65 6c 6c |s that w|ill tell|
|00005d80| 20 79 6f 75 20 77 68 61 | 74 27 73 0a 20 20 20 20 | you wha|t's. |
|00005d90| 61 70 70 72 6f 70 72 69 | 61 74 65 2e 20 20 44 6f |appropri|ate. Do|
|00005da0| 6e 27 74 20 70 6f 73 74 | 20 61 20 72 65 71 75 65 |n't post| a reque|
|00005db0| 73 74 20 66 6f 72 20 74 | 68 65 20 46 41 51 20 6c |st for t|he FAQ l|
|00005dc0| 69 73 74 3b 20 69 6e 73 | 74 65 61 64 2c 0a 20 20 |ist; ins|tead,. |
|00005dd0| 20 20 72 65 74 72 69 65 | 76 65 20 69 74 20 79 6f | retrie|ve it yo|
|00005de0| 75 72 73 65 6c 66 3a 20 | 73 65 65 20 22 43 30 36 |urself: |see "C06|
|00005df0| 2e 20 57 68 65 72 65 20 | 61 72 65 20 46 41 51 20 |. Where |are FAQ |
|00005e00| 6c 69 73 74 73 20 61 72 | 63 68 69 76 65 64 3f 22 |lists ar|chived?"|
|00005e10| 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 2d 20 | 6d 69 73 63 2e 66 6f 72 |.. - |misc.for|
|00005e20| 73 61 6c 65 2e 63 6f 6d | 70 75 74 65 72 73 2e 64 |sale.com|puters.d|
|00005e30| 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 69 73 | 63 2e 66 6f 72 73 61 6c | and mis|c.forsal|
|00005e40| 65 2e 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 | 65 72 73 2e 70 63 2d 63 |e.comput|ers.pc-c|
|00005e50| 6c 6f 6e 65 20 61 72 65 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 77 |lone are|. w|
|00005e60| 68 65 72 65 20 79 6f 75 | 20 70 6f 73 74 20 6e 6f |here you| post no|
|00005e70| 74 69 63 65 73 20 6f 66 | 20 65 71 75 69 70 6d 65 |tices of| equipme|
|00005e80| 6e 74 2c 20 73 6f 66 74 | 77 61 72 65 2c 20 6f 72 |nt, soft|ware, or|
|00005e90| 20 63 6f 6d 70 75 74 65 | 72 20 62 6f 6f 6b 73 0a | compute|r books.|
|00005ea0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 79 6f 75 20 77 | th|at you w|
|00005eb0| 61 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 73 | 65 6c 6c 2e 20 20 50 6c |ant to s|ell. Pl|
|00005ec0| 65 61 73 65 20 64 6f 6e | 27 74 20 70 6f 73 74 20 |ease don|'t post |
|00005ed0| 6f 72 20 63 72 6f 73 73 | 70 6f 73 74 20 74 68 6f |or cross|post tho|
|00005ee0| 73 65 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 6e 6f 74 69 63 65 73 |se. | notices|
|00005ef0| 20 74 6f 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 2e 6f 73 2e 6d 73 64 6f | to comp|.os.msdo|
|00005f00| 73 2e 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 6d 65 72 2e 0a 0a 20 |s.progra|mmer... |
|00005f10| 20 20 20 2d 20 63 6f 6d | 70 2e 6f 73 2e 6d 73 2d | - com|p.os.ms-|
|00005f20| 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 73 2e | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d |windows.|programm|
|00005f30| 65 72 2e 2a 20 67 72 6f | 75 70 73 20 28 66 6f 72 |er.* gro|ups (for|
|00005f40| 6d 65 72 6c 79 20 70 61 | 72 74 20 6f 66 0a 20 20 |merly pa|rt of. |
|00005f50| 20 20 20 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 2e 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 73 | comp|.windows|
|00005f60| 2e 6d 73 2e 70 72 6f 67 | 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 29 3a |.ms.prog|rammer):|
|00005f70| 20 20 53 69 6d 69 6c 61 | 72 20 74 6f 20 63 6f 6d | Simila|r to com|
|00005f80| 70 2e 6f 73 2e 6d 73 64 | 6f 73 2e 70 72 6f 67 72 |p.os.msd|os.progr|
|00005f90| 61 6d 6d 65 72 2c 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 62 75 74 |ammer,. | but|
|00005fa0| 20 66 6f 63 75 73 20 6f | 6e 20 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | focus o|n progra|
|00005fb0| 6d 6d 69 6e 67 20 66 6f | 72 20 74 68 65 20 4d 53 |mming fo|r the MS|
|00005fc0| 2d 57 69 6e 64 6f 77 73 | 20 70 6c 61 74 66 6f 72 |-Windows| platfor|
|00005fd0| 6d 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 | 2d 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e 73 |m... |- comp.s|
|00005fe0| 79 73 2e 69 62 6d 2e 70 | 63 2e 68 61 72 64 77 61 |ys.ibm.p|c.hardwa|
|00005ff0| 72 65 20 69 73 20 66 6f | 72 20 6d 6f 72 65 20 68 |re is fo|r more h|
|00006000| 61 72 64 77 61 72 65 2d | 6f 72 69 65 6e 74 65 64 |ardware-|oriented|
|00006010| 20 64 69 73 63 75 73 73 | 69 6f 6e 73 0a 20 20 20 | discuss|ions. |
|00006020| 20 20 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 6d 61 63 68 69 6e | of th|e machin|
|00006030| 65 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 72 75 6e 20 44 4f 53 2e |es that |run DOS.|
|00006040| 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 2d 20 | 74 68 65 20 76 61 72 69 |.. - |the vari|
|00006050| 6f 75 73 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 2e 6c 61 6e 67 2e 2a 20 |ous comp|.lang.* |
|00006060| 67 72 6f 75 70 73 20 66 | 6f 72 20 61 72 74 69 63 |groups f|or artic|
|00006070| 6c 65 73 20 61 6e 64 20 | 71 75 65 73 74 69 6f 6e |les and |question|
|00006080| 73 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 70 |s on the|. p|
|00006090| 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 69 | 6e 67 20 6c 61 6e 67 75 |rogrammi|ng langu|
|000060a0| 61 67 65 73 2e 20 20 43 | 61 75 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 |ages. C|aution: |
|000060b0| 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 67 72 | 6f 75 70 73 20 77 65 6c | some gr|oups wel|
|000060c0| 63 6f 6d 65 20 64 69 73 | 63 75 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 |come dis|cussions|
|000060d0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 61 72 65 20 |. t|hat are |
|000060e0| 6f 70 65 72 61 74 69 6e | 67 2d 73 79 73 74 65 6d |operatin|g-system|
|000060f0| 20 64 65 70 65 6e 64 65 | 6e 74 20 6f 72 20 76 65 | depende|nt or ve|
|00006100| 6e 64 6f 72 20 73 70 65 | 63 69 66 69 63 3b 20 6f |ndor spe|cific; o|
|00006110| 74 68 65 72 73 20 64 6f | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 6e |thers do|. n|
|00006120| 6f 74 2e 20 20 46 6f 72 | 20 65 78 61 6d 70 6c 65 |ot. For| example|
|00006130| 2c 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e 6c | 61 6e 67 2e 63 20 69 73 |, comp.l|ang.c is|
|00006140| 20 64 65 66 69 6e 69 74 | 65 6c 79 20 5f 6e 6f 74 | definit|ely _not|
|00006150| 5f 20 66 6f 72 20 71 75 | 65 73 74 69 6f 6e 73 0a |_ for qu|estions.|
|00006160| 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 62 | 6f 75 74 20 70 72 6f 67 | ab|out prog|
|00006170| 72 61 6d 6d 69 6e 67 20 | 44 4f 53 20 6f 72 20 50 |ramming |DOS or P|
|00006180| 43 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d | 20 66 65 61 74 75 72 65 |C system| feature|
|00006190| 73 2c 20 65 76 65 6e 20 | 69 66 20 74 68 65 20 70 |s, even |if the p|
|000061a0| 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 73 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 72 |rograms.| ar|
|000061b0| 65 20 77 72 69 74 74 65 | 6e 20 69 6e 20 43 2e 20 |e writte|n in C. |
|000061c0| 20 4f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 6f 74 68 65 72 20 68 61 | On the |other ha|
|000061d0| 6e 64 2c 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 2e 6c 61 6e 67 2e 70 61 |nd, comp|.lang.pa|
|000061e0| 73 63 61 6c 20 63 6f 6e | 74 61 69 6e 73 0a 20 20 |scal con|tains. |
|000061f0| 20 20 20 20 6d 75 63 68 | 20 64 69 73 63 75 73 73 | much| discuss|
|00006200| 69 6f 6e 20 74 68 61 74 | 20 69 73 20 73 70 65 63 |ion that| is spec|
|00006210| 69 66 69 63 20 74 6f 20 | 54 75 72 62 6f 20 50 61 |ific to |Turbo Pa|
|00006220| 73 63 61 6c 2e 0a 0a 20 | 20 20 20 2d 20 63 6f 6d |scal... | - com|
|00006230| 70 2e 62 69 6e 61 72 69 | 65 73 2e 69 62 6d 2e 70 |p.binari|es.ibm.p|
|00006240| 63 2e 77 61 6e 74 65 64 | 3a 20 41 46 54 45 52 20 |c.wanted|: AFTER |
|00006250| 79 6f 75 20 68 61 76 65 | 20 6c 6f 6f 6b 65 64 20 |you have| looked |
|00006260| 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6f | 74 68 65 72 0a 20 20 20 |in the o|ther. |
|00006270| 20 20 20 67 72 6f 75 70 | 73 2c 20 74 68 69 73 20 | group|s, this |
|00006280| 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 70 | 6c 61 63 65 20 74 6f 20 |is the p|lace to |
|00006290| 70 6f 73 74 20 61 20 72 | 65 71 75 65 73 74 20 66 |post a r|equest f|
|000062a0| 6f 72 20 61 20 70 61 72 | 74 69 63 75 6c 61 72 0a |or a par|ticular.|
|000062b0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 62 69 | 6e 61 72 79 20 70 72 6f | bi|nary pro|
|000062c0| 67 72 61 6d 2e 0a 0a 20 | 20 20 20 2d 20 63 6f 6d |gram... | - com|
|000062d0| 70 2e 61 72 63 68 69 76 | 65 73 2e 6d 73 64 6f 73 |p.archiv|es.msdos|
|000062e0| 2e 61 6e 6e 6f 75 6e 63 | 65 20 28 6d 6f 64 65 72 |.announc|e (moder|
|000062f0| 61 74 65 64 29 20 65 78 | 70 6c 61 69 6e 73 20 68 |ated) ex|plains h|
|00006300| 6f 77 20 74 6f 20 75 73 | 65 20 74 68 65 0a 20 20 |ow to us|e the. |
|00006310| 20 20 20 20 61 72 63 68 | 69 76 65 20 73 69 74 65 | arch|ive site|
|00006320| 73 2c 20 65 73 70 65 63 | 69 61 6c 6c 79 20 47 61 |s, espec|ially Ga|
|00006330| 72 62 6f 20 61 6e 64 20 | 53 69 6d 54 65 6c 2c 20 |rbo and |SimTel, |
|00006340| 61 6e 64 20 6c 69 73 74 | 73 20 66 69 6c 65 73 0a |and list|s files.|
|00006350| 20 20 20 20 20 20 75 70 | 6c 6f 61 64 65 64 20 74 | up|loaded t|
|00006360| 6f 20 74 68 65 6d 2e 20 | 20 44 69 73 63 75 73 73 |o them. | Discuss|
|00006370| 69 6f 6e 73 20 62 65 6c | 6f 6e 67 20 69 6e 20 63 |ions bel|ong in c|
|00006380| 6f 6d 70 2e 61 72 63 68 | 69 76 65 73 2e 6d 73 64 |omp.arch|ives.msd|
|00006390| 6f 73 2e 64 2c 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 77 68 69 63 |os.d,. | whic|
|000063a0| 68 20 72 65 70 6c 61 63 | 65 64 20 63 6f 6d 70 2e |h replac|ed comp.|
|000063b0| 62 69 6e 61 72 69 65 73 | 2e 69 62 6d 2e 70 63 2e |binaries|.ibm.pc.|
|000063c0| 61 72 63 68 69 76 65 73 | 20 69 6e 20 44 65 63 65 |archives| in Dece|
|000063d0| 6d 62 65 72 20 31 39 39 | 32 2e 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 |mber 199|2... |
|000063e0| 2d 20 4d 53 44 4f 53 2d | 41 6e 6e 20 6d 61 69 6c |- MSDOS-|Ann mail|
|000063f0| 69 6e 67 20 6c 69 73 74 | 2c 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 |ing list|, for th|
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
Only 25.0 KB of data is shown above.
